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The history of biology traces the study of the living world from ancient to modern times. Although the concept of biology as a single coherent field arose in the 19th century, the biological sciences emerged from traditions of medicine and natural history reaching back to Ayurveda, ancient Egyptian medicine and the works of Aristotle, Theophrastus and Galen in the ancient Greco-Roman world.
The founder of experimental biology and the first person to challenge the theory of spontaneous generation by demonstrating that maggots come from eggs of flies. [57] Population genetics: Ronald A. Fisher, Sewall Wright, J. B. S. Haldane [58] Protozoology: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723) [9] First to produce precise, correct descriptions ...
[29] [30] [31] This study showed that, when true-breeding different varieties were crossed to each other (e.g., tall plants fertilized by short plants), in the second generation, one in four pea plants had purebred recessive traits, two out of four were hybrids, and one out of four were purebred dominant.
The first edition of Systema Naturae was printed in the Netherlands in 1735. It was a twelve-page work. [148] By the time it reached its 10th edition in 1758, it classified 4,400 species of animals and 7,700 species of plants. People from all over the world sent their specimens to Linnaeus to be included.
The study of botany goes back into pre-history, as plants have been eaten since the beginning of the human race. The first attempts at plant cultivation are believed to have been made shortly before 10,000 BC in Western Asia (Morton, 1981) [1] and the first references to algae are to be found in early Chinese literature.
Jeanne Villepreux-Power, born Jeanne Villepreux (24 September 1794 – 25 January 1871), was a pioneering French marine biologist, described by English biologist Richard Owen as the "Mother of Aquariophily." In 1832 she was the first person to invent and create aquaria for experimenting with aquatic organisms. [1]
He compiled Flora of Spain (1576), and Austria and Hungary (1583). He was the first to propose dividing plants into classes. [63] [64] Meanwhile, in Switzerland, from 1554, Conrad Gessner (1516 – 1565) made regular explorations of the Swiss Alps from his native Zurich and discovered many new plants. He proposed that there were groups or ...
2001 - First insects from the suborder Mantophasmatodea are discovered. 2001 – Publication of the first drafts of the complete human genome (see Craig Venter). 2002 – First virus produced 'from scratch', an artificial polio virus that paralyzes and kills mice. 2007 – Commercialization of Illumina Next generation Sequencing tools. This has ...