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The conflict resulted from political, ethnic, cultural and religious tensions which preceded the United Kingdom's formal decolonisation of Nigeria from 1960 to 1963. Immediate causes of the war in 1966 included a military coup, a counter-coup, and anti-Igbo pogroms in the Northern Region. [27]
Communal conflicts in Nigeria [3] can be divided into two broad categories: [4] [dubious – discuss] Ethno-religious conflicts , attributed to actors primarily divided by cultural , ethnic, or religious communities and identities, such as instances of religious violence between Christian and Muslim communities .
The Nairobi Peace Initiative was founded in 1984 and engages in peacebuilding and conflict transformation work including mediation, dialogue facilitation, and capacity building throughout the Horn, East, Central, and West Africa. [3] During this time he was crucial in resolving the Kokomba-Nanumba conflict in northern Ghana.
The pogroms led to the mass movement of Igbo and other Eastern Nigerians back to Eastern Nigeria (it is estimated that more than one million Igbos returned to the eastern region). It also was the precursor to Ojukwu's declaration of Eastern Nigeria's secession from the federation as the Republic of Biafra , and the resulting Nigerian Civil War ...
The remote cause of the riot was the strained relationship between the Northern and Southern political leaders over the issue of self-government in 1956. This strained relationship started with a 1953 motion for self-government for Nigeria in 1956 tabled in the House of Representatives by a member of the Action Group (AG), Chief Anthony Enahoro ...
In the aftermath of the 1966 Nigerian counter-coup, anti-Igbo pogroms erupted across northern Nigeria, killing thousands of Igbos. Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu declared the independence of Biafra in the Igbo-populated areas of Nigeria in 1967, and the federal government led by Yakubu Gowon launched a civil war against the secessionist entity. [1]
The Catholic organisation, which has several projects in Nigeria, deplored the wave of violence, saying: "The increase in kidnappings, murders and general violence against civilians, including members of the Catholic clergy in many parts of Nigeria, is a scourge that is yet to be properly addressed by the local authorities". [89]
The Bakassi conflict is an ongoing armed dispute over the Bakassi Peninsula of Cameroon. Originally subject to a border conflict between Cameroon and Nigeria , Bakassi later became affected by insurgencies waged by local separatists against Cameroonian government forces.