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The Caytoniales (Figs. 1-2) are an extinct order of seed plants known from fossils collected throughout the Mesozoic Era, around 2] [3] [4] They are regarded as seed ferns because they are seed-bearing plants with fern-like leaves. [4]
Pteridospermatophyta, also called "pteridosperms" or "seed ferns" are a polyphyletic [1] grouping of extinct seed-producing plants. The earliest fossil evidence for plants of this type are the lyginopterids of late Devonian age. [ 2 ]
It is the archetypal genus of the corystosperms, an extinct group of seed plants, often called "seed ferns", assigned to the order Corystospermales or Umkomasiales. Species of Dicroidium, which grew as large trees, were widely distributed and dominant over Gondwana during the Triassic ( 252 to 201 million years ago ).
Fossilized fronds of the Carboniferous-Early Cretaceous seed fern Alethopteris †Alethopteris †Alethopteris davreuxi †Alethopteris decurrens †Alethopteris grandini †Alethopteris serlii †Alethopteris valida †Amphiscapha † Ananias †Annularia †Annularia sphenophylloides †Annularia stellata †Anomphalus †Anthracoceras
This list of the Paleozoic life of Missouri contains the various prehistoric life-forms whose fossilized remains have been reported from within the US state of Missouri and are between 538.8 and 252.17 million years of age. There is no Permian age rocks on the surface in Missouri, so beware of any fossils identified as such in the state.
The Lyginopteridales are an extinct group of seed plants known from the Paleozoic.They were the first plant fossils to be described as pteridosperms (a polyphyletic group sometimes referred to as "seed ferns") and, thus, the group on which the concept of pteridosperms was first developed; [2] they are the stratigraphically oldest-known pteridosperms, occurring first in late Devonian strata; [3 ...
Historically both lycophytes and monilophytes were grouped together as pteridophytes (ferns and fern allies) on the basis of being spore-bearing ("seed-free"). In Smith's molecular phylogenetic study the ferns are characterised by lateral root origin in the endodermis , usually mesarch protoxylem in shoots, a pseudoendospore, plasmodial tapetum ...
The Callistophytaceae was a family of seed ferns (pteridosperms) from the Carboniferous and Permian periods. They first appeared in late Middle Pennsylvanian (Moscovian) times, 306.5–311.7 million years ago in the tropical coal forests of Euramerica, and became an important component of Late Pennsylvanian (Kasimovian-Gzhelian; 299.0–306.5 Ma) vegetation of clastic soils and some peat soils.