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The risk of injury is often magnified when multiple factors are present. Environmental, operational, or design factors can all negatively impact a worker or user; examples include whole-body or hand/arm vibration, poor lighting, or poorly designed tools, equipment, or workstations. Some of the common body regions where injuries may occur include:
Human factors and ergonomics are concerned with the "fit" between the user, equipment, and environment or "fitting a job to a person" [6] or "fitting the task to the man". [7] It accounts for the user's capabilities and limitations in seeking to ensure that tasks, functions, information, and the environment suit that user.
OSH specialists examine worksites for environmental or physical factors that could harm employee health, safety, comfort or performance. They then find ways to improve potential risk factors. For example, they may notice potentially hazardous conditions inside a chemical plant and suggest changes to lighting, equipment, materials, or ventilation.
Environmental hazards are hazards that affect biomes or ecosystems. [1] Well known examples include oil spills , water pollution , slash and burn deforestation, air pollution , ground fissures , [ 2 ] and build-up of atmospheric carbon dioxide . [ 3 ]
They can be classified as type of occupational hazard or environmental hazard. Physical hazards include ergonomic hazards, radiation, heat and cold stress, vibration hazards, and noise hazards. [1] Engineering controls are often used to mitigate physical hazards. [2] Physical hazards are a common source of injuries in many industries. [3]
First published in 1957 by Ernest J. McCormick, the book is considered a classic in human factors and ergonomics, and one of the best-established texts in the field. [2] [3] It is frequently taught in upper-level and graduate courses in the U.S., and is relied on by practicing human factors and ergonomics professionals. [3]
In the field of human factors and ergonomics, human reliability (also known as human performance or HU) is the probability that a human performs a task to a sufficient standard. [1] Reliability of humans can be affected by many factors such as age , physical health , mental state , attitude , emotions , personal propensity for certain mistakes ...
Illustration of Exposure Risk Assessment and Management related to anticipation, recognition, evaluation, control, and confirmation. Occupational hygiene or industrial hygiene (IH) is the anticipation, recognition, evaluation, control, and confirmation (ARECC) of protection from risks associated with exposures to hazards in, or arising from, the workplace that may result in injury, illness ...