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The term Khalsa [a] refers to both a community that follows Sikhism as its religion, [5] as well as a special group of initiated Sikhs. [6] The Khalsa tradition was initiated in 1699 by the Tenth Guru of Sikhism, Guru Gobind Singh. Its formation was a key event in the history of Sikhism. [7]
The Khalsa Fauj (lit. ' Army of the Pure ') were the military forces of the Khalsa order of the Sikhs, established by the tenth guru, Guru Gobind Singh, in 1699. [1] [2] It replaced the Akal Sena that had been established by the sixth guru, Guru Hargobind.
Babbar Khalsa [4] Bhai Talwinder Singh Parmar, Bhai Sukhdev Singh Babbar (1979) See: List of actions by Babbar Khalsa: 2. Bhindranwale Tiger Force of Khalistan: Baba Gurbachan Singh Manochahal (1984) Major encounter at Rataul village. 3. Dashmesh Regiment: Bhai Seetal Singh Matewal, (1990) Major encounter at Bolowali village. 4.
The period from 1716 to 1799 was a highly turbulent time politically and militarily in the Punjab region. This was caused by the overall decline of the Mughal empire [30] that left a power vacuum in the region that was eventually filled by the Sikhs of the Dal Khalsa, meaning "Khalsa army" or "Khalsa party".
The Sikh Khalsa Army (Punjabi: ਸਿੱਖ ਖ਼ਾਲਸਾ ਫੌਜ, romanized: Sikha khālasā phauja), also known as Khalsaji [1] or simply Sikh Army, was the military force of the Sikh Empire. With its roots in the Khalsa founded by Guru Gobind Singh, the army was later modernised on Franco-British principles by Maharaja Ranjit Singh. [2]
The Tat Khalsa [102] (Gurmukhi: ਤੱਤ ਖਾਲਸਾ, translit. Tata khālasā ), also romanised as Tatt Khalsa, known as the Akal Purkhias during the 18th century, [ 103 ] was a Sikh faction that arose from the schism following the passing of Guru Gobind Singh in 1708, led by his widow Mata Sundari , opposed to the religious innovations ...
Dal Khalsa is a radical [5] [6] Sikh organisation, based in the city of Amritsar. The outfit was formed in 1978 by Gajinder Singh, the hijacker [ 7 ] [ 8 ] [ 9 ] of Indian Airlines Flight 423 . [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It came to prominence during Insurgency in Punjab along with Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale in 1981.
The Tat Khalsa [1] (Gurmukhi: ਤੱਤ ਖ਼ਾਲਸਾ, romanized: Tata khālasā, lit. 'true Khalsa'), also romanised as Tatt Khalsa, known as the Akal Purkhias during the 18th century, [2] was a Sikh faction that arose from the schism following the passing of Guru Gobind Singh in 1708, led by his widow Mata Sundari, opposed to the religious innovations of Banda Singh Bahadur and his ...