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A simple year–year range is written using an en dash (–, – or {}, or {} for a non-breaking en dash), not an em dash, hyphen, or slash; this dash is unspaced (that is, with no space on either side); and the end year is usually given in full:
The hyphen is entered by the hyphen or minus key on all standard keyboards. In mathematical formula templates, a hyphen codes for a minus sign, but in plain text − produces the minus sign (see below). En dash (– or –, MOS:ENDASH) are slightly longer than hyphens. They are used: in date ranges, such as 1849–1863,
Use an en dash, not a hyphen, between numbers: pp. 14–21; 1953–2008. An en dash is also used to connect parallel terms: red–green colorblind ; a New York–London flight . Use spaces around the en dash only if the connected terms are multi-unit dates: January 1999 – December 2000 .
If you’ve ever found yourself confused about the difference between a dash and a hyphen, and when to use a hyphen, you’re far from alone. Now that you’ve got that rule straightened out ...
All examples use example date 2021-03-31 / 2021 March 31 / 31 March 2021 / March 31, 2021 – except where a single-digit day is illustrated. Basic components of a calendar date for the most common calendar systems: D – day; M – month; Y – year; Specific formats for the basic components: yy – two-digit year, e.g. 24; yyyy – four-digit ...
The dash is usually unspaced, but if the elements being linked themselves contain spaces (as with full dates), then the dash is spaced. For example, June 3, 1888 – August 18, 1940 and December 1989 – March 1990 (but 3–9 June 1969 and June–August 1940 ); 10 W – 100 kW (but 25–30 mm ).
9.9.2.3 Instead of a hyphen, use an en dash when applying a prefix or suffix to a compound that itself includes a space, dash or hyphen 9.9.2.4 To separate parts of an item in a list 9.9.3 Other uses for en dashes
The dash is a punctuation mark consisting of a long horizontal line. It is similar in appearance to the hyphen but is longer and sometimes higher from the baseline.The most common versions are the en dash –, generally longer than the hyphen but shorter than the minus sign; the em dash —, longer than either the en dash or the minus sign; and the horizontal bar —, whose length varies ...