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Binary Alignment Map (BAM) is the comprehensive raw data of genome sequencing; [1] it consists of the lossless, compressed binary representation of the Sequence Alignment Map-files. [2] [3] BAM is the compressed binary representation of SAM (Sequence Alignment Map), a compact and index-able representation of nucleotide sequence alignments. [4]
Raw PacBio subreads use the same convention but typically assign a placeholder base quality (Q0) to all bases in the read. [7] Oxford Nanopore Duplex reads, called using the dorado basecaller are typically stored in SAM/BAM format. After changing to a 16-bit internal quality representation, the reported base quality limit is q50 (S). [8]
SAMtools makes it possible to work directly with a compressed BAM file, without having to uncompress the whole file. Additionally, since the format for a SAM/BAM file is somewhat complex - containing reads, references, alignments, quality information, and user-specified annotations - SAMtools reduces the effort needed to use SAM/BAM files by ...
The SAM format consists of a header and an alignment section. [1] The binary equivalent of a SAM file is a Binary Alignment Map (BAM) file, which stores the same data in a compressed binary representation. [4] SAM files can be analysed and edited with the software SAMtools. [1] The header section must be prior to the alignment section if it is ...
Compressed Reference-oriented Alignment Map (CRAM) is a compressed columnar file format for storing biological sequences aligned to a reference sequence, initially devised by Markus Hsi-Yang Fritz et al. [1] CRAM was designed to be an efficient reference-based alternative to the Sequence Alignment Map (SAM) and Binary Alignment Map (BAM) file ...
The preferred data format for files submitted to the SRA is the BAM format, which is capable of storing both aligned and unaligned reads. [6] Internally the SRA relies on the NCBI SRA Toolkit, used at all three INSDC member databases, to provide flexible data compression, API access and conversion to other formats such as FASTQ. [5]
While standard data compression tools (e.g., zip and rar) are being used to compress sequence data (e.g., GenBank flat file database), this approach has been criticized to be extravagant because genomic sequences often contain repetitive content (e.g., microsatellite sequences) or many sequences exhibit high levels of similarity (e.g., multiple genome sequences from the same species).
Stockholm format is a multiple sequence alignment format used by Pfam, Rfam and Dfam, to disseminate protein, RNA and DNA sequence alignments. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The alignment editors Ralee , [ 4 ] Belvu and Jalview support Stockholm format as do the probabilistic database search tools , Infernal and HMMER , and the phylogenetic analysis tool ...