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The 12-pounder was the heaviest cannon in the French field artillery; the others were the light Canon de 4 Gribeauval and the medium Canon de 8 Gribeauval. Superseding the previous Vallière system, the Gribeauval system was adopted in 1765 and its guns were first used during the American Revolutionary War .
The Gribeauval system (French: système Gribeauval) was an artillery system introduced by Lieutenant General Jean Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval during the 18th century. This system revolutionized French cannons , with a new production system that allowed lighter, more uniform guns without sacrificing range.
The Canon lourd de 12 Gribeauval (Gribeauval heavy 12-pounder cannon) was a French cannon and part of the Gribeauval system developed by Jean Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval. It was part of the siege artillery. [1] The canon lourd de 12 Gribeauval was used extensively during the wars following the French Revolution, as well as the Napoleonic wars.
12-pounder gun or 12-pdr, usually denotes a gun which fired a projectile of approximately 12 pounds. Guns of this type include: 12-pounder long gun, the naval muzzle-loader of the Age of Sail; Canon de 12 de Vallière, French cannon of 1732; Canon de 12 Gribeauval, French field cannon of the mid-late 18th century
Canon lourd de 12 Gribeauval; F. Pistolet modèle 1786; M. M1752 Musket; Mameluke sword; Mortier de 12 Gribeauval; Musket Model 1777; O. Obusier de 6 pouces ...
With the development and improvement of combat weapons throughout the Seven Years' War prior to Napoleon, artillery had expanded to almost every European country, including France with 12-lb and 8-lb cannons. "The Gribeauval guns developed between 1765 and 1774 were 12-pounders, 8-pounders, 6-pounders and 4-pounders with 6-inch and 8-inch ...
Lieutenant General Jean-Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ batist vakɛt də ɡʁiboval]; 15 September 1715 – 9 May 1789) was a French artillery officer and engineer who revolutionised the French cannon, creating a new production system that allowed for lighter, more uniform guns without sacrificing range.
The 12-pounder long gun was an intermediary calibre piece of artillery mounted on warships of the Age of Sail.They were used as main guns on the most typical frigates of the early 18th century, on the second deck of fourth-rate ships of the line, and on the upper decks or castles of 80-gun and 120-gun ships of the line.