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The trench has been formed by the actions of the Romanche Fracture Zone, a portion of which is an active transform boundary offsetting sections of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. [ 1 ] It was named after the French navy ship La Romanche , commanded by captain Louis-Ferdinand Martial which on 11 October 1883 made soundings that revealed the trench.
Some use the term "transform fault" to describe the seismically and tectonically active portion of a fracture zone after John Tuzo Wilson's concepts first developed with respect to the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. [2] The term fracture zone has a distinct geological meaning, but it is also used more loosely in the naming of some oceanic features.
Also known as the Romanche Trench, this fracture zone separates the North Atlantic and South Atlantic oceans. The trench reaches 7,758 m (25,453 ft) deep, is 300 km (190 mi) long, and has a width of 19 km (12 mi). The fracture zone offsets the Mid-Atlantic Ridge by more than 640 km (400 mi). [12]
File information Description Named fracture zones Source See Fracture zone, List of fracture zones and individual named in Wikipedia fracture zones . Date 2023-10-31 Author
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The Cascadia subduction zone is where the oceanic Juan de Fuca, Gorda and Explorer Plates subduct under the continental North American plate. The oceanic Pacific plate subducts under the North American plate (composed of both continental and oceanic sections) forming the Aleutian Trench .
A fracture is any separation in a geologic formation, such as a joint or a fault that divides the rock into two or more pieces. A fracture will sometimes form a deep fissure or crevice in the rock. Fractures are commonly caused by stress exceeding the rock strength, causing the rock to lose cohesion along its weakest plane. [1]
It was proposed that the fracture zone be renamed Gibbs fracture zone, as fracture zones are generally named for research vessels. The proposal was accepted only in part, and currently the official name is Charlie–Gibbs fracture zone. [8] Note that the double name refers to the two parallel fracture zones together.