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Motivational interviewing (MI) is a counseling approach developed in part by clinical psychologists William R. Miller and Stephen Rollnick.It is a directive, client-centered counseling style for eliciting behavior change by helping clients to explore and resolve ambivalence.
Miller has changed the way clinicians think about the nature of substance use disorders, their treatment and the means to effect change in patients.Early in his career, he emphasized that not all alcohol problems are severe and tested briefer interventions for mid-range problem drinkers.
This research led to the development of reliable screening tools for substance use, such as the Michigan Alcohol Screening Test, the CAGE, and the Drug Abuse Screening Test. [ 10 ] Research also extended to understanding the best mode of administration of such screening assessments, as part of a clinician interview via a questionnaire, or ...
It is often used in working with ambivalence in people who are engaged in behaviours that are harmful to their health (for example, problematic substance use or excessive eating), [1] as part of psychological approaches such as those based on the transtheoretical model of change, [2] and in certain circumstances in motivational interviewing. [3]
Similar to MET, motivational interviewing finds 'change talk' very important and the clinician interacts with the patient through open-ended questions, affirmations, reflections, and summaries. There are three key elements that build the foundation of motivational interviewing; collaboration, evocation and autonomy.
Motivational interviewing, which is designed to increase patient motivation to change behavior and enter treatment. [9] Motivational incentives, which uses positive reinforcement to encourage abstinence from the addictive substance. [10]
Motivational enhancement therapy (MET) is a time-limited, four-session adaptation used in Project MATCH, a U.S.-government-funded study of treatment for alcohol problems, and the "Drinkers' Check-up", which provides normative-based feedback and explores client motivation to change in light of the feedback.
The Global Appraisal of Individual Needs (GAIN) is a family of evidence-based instruments used to assist clinicians with diagnosis, placement, and treatment planning. The GAIN is used with both adolescents and adults in all kinds of treatment programs, including outpatient, intensive outpatient, partial hospitalization, methadone, short-term residential, long-term residential, therapeutic ...