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The hypothesis is an attempted explanation of social stratification, based on the idea of "functional necessity".Davis and Moore argue that the most difficult jobs in any society are the most necessary and require the highest rewards and compensation to sufficiently motivate individuals to fill them.
The most representative example was the Middletown books by Robert Lynd and Helen Lynd, which gave a microscopic look at class structures in a typical small city (Muncie, Indiana). After 1960 localized studies gave way to national surveys, with special emphasis on the process of social mobility and stratification.
In sociology, for example, proponents of action theory have suggested that social stratification is commonly found in developed societies, wherein a dominance hierarchy may be necessary in order to maintain social order and provide a stable social structure.
History and Class Consciousness; Literature and Revolution; Towards Socialism or Capitalism? Prison Notebooks; The Struggle Against Fascism in Germany; The Revolution Betrayed; Their Morals and Ours: The class foundations of moral practice; The Black Jacobins; On Practice; Theses on the Philosophy of History; Dialectic of Enlightenment; A ...
In the early stages of class stratification, the majority of members in a given society have similar access to wealth and power, with only a few members displaying noticeably more or less wealth than the rest. As time goes on, the largest share of wealth and status can begin to concentrate around a small number of the population.
In governance, sortition is the selection of public officials or jurors at random, i.e. by lottery, in order to obtain a representative sample. [1] [2] [3] [4]In ancient Athenian democracy, sortition was the traditional and primary method for appointing political officials, and its use was regarded as a principal characteristic of democracy.
The three-component theory of stratification, more widely known as Weberian stratification or the three class system, was developed by German sociologist Max Weber with class, status and party as distinct ideal types. Weber developed a multidimensional approach to social stratification that reflects the interplay among wealth, prestige and power.
In modern Western societies, social stratification is typically defined in terms of three distinct social classes: the upper class, the middle class, and the lower class. [ 2 ] Some synonyms for "elite" might be "upper-class" or " aristocratic ", indicating that the individual in question has a relatively large degree of control over a society ...