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Geert Hofstede, a Dutch researcher and social psychologist who dedicated himself to the study of culture, sees culture as "broad patterns of thinking, feeling and acting" in a society [36] In Hofstede's view, most human cultures can themselves be classified as either masculine or feminine. [37] [page needed] Masculine culture clearly ...
[2] [3] [4] It is distinct from the definition of the biological male sex, [5] [6] as anyone can exhibit masculine traits. [7] Standards of masculinity vary across different cultures and historical periods. In Western cultures, its meaning is traditionally drawn from being contrasted with femininity.
Gender expression is fluid and children typically dress in a combination of both masculine and feminine clothing. [29] Newborn babies are not regarded as new humans but rather as tarnina or inuusia which refers to their soul, personality, shade and are named after an older deceased relative as a way of reincarnation as the relationship between ...
[1] [3] [4] [5] To what extent femininity is biologically or socially influenced is subject to debate. [3] [4] [5] It is conceptually distinct from both the female biological sex and from womanhood, as all humans can exhibit feminine and masculine traits, regardless of sex and gender. [2]
There is a gender pay gap: even with the same level of education and occupational role, women earn much less than men, [5] though research suggests this is largely due to women working fewer hours than men overall for reasons such as caring for children or lifestyle factors, rather than direct discrimination.
"In some societies, same-sex sexual desire or practice did figure into the definition of one's gender variant role, in others, it did not." [4]: 19 In the case of the Navajo, there are four genders: man, woman, masculine female-bodied nádleeh, and feminine male-bodied nádleeh. Intercourse between two people of different genders, regardless of ...
In 1975, Brooke Williams was the first to describe the "depoliticization of radical feminism" as "cultural feminism". [5] However, the term had surfaced as early as 1971, when Frances Chapman, in a letter printed in Off Our Backs , condemned the literary magazine Aphra as having "served the cause of cultural feminism". [ 6 ]
[61] This model also explains what it means to be masculine vs. feminine in this culture. [61] Gender is different from sex, however, as sex is biological while gender is "socially and psychologically constructed, referring to the given roles, behaviors, and characteristics deemed appropriate for either a man or a woman, as determined by social ...