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The procedure is common in the treatment of Stage I and II non-seminomatous germ cell tumors. [2] In seminomas, another form of testicular cancer, radiation therapy is generally preferred to the invasive RPLND procedure. [4] Whether RPLND is needed after orchiectomy depends on the type of tumor and its stage. RPLND may be performed to remove ...
PLS tumors present in a leg or arm (65% of cases), retroperitoneum or abdomen (15% of cases), [6] or in rare cases the trunk wall, spermatic cord, [56] head and neck areas, [57] chest wall, pelvic cavity, pulmonary pleurae, pericardium, and spine. [55] These tumors are usually localized in deep soft tissues with only 25% of cases presenting in ...
Retroperitoneal fibrosis; Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection; It is also possible to have a neoplasm in this area, more commonly a metastasis; or very rarely a primary neoplasm. The most common type is a sarcoma followed by lymphoma, extragonadal germ cell tumor, and gastrointestinal stromal tumor/GIST. [9] Examples of tumors include:
Prognosis and treatment is the same as for the most common type of ovarian cancer, which is epithelial ovarian cancer. [6] [7] The median survival of primary peritoneal carcinomas is usually shorter by 2–6 months time when compared with serous ovarian cancer. Studies show median survival varies between 11.3 and 17.8 months.
Conventional CT and MRI should be performed with cuts of 10 mm or less in slice thickness contiguously. Spiral CT should be performed using a 5 mm contiguous reconstruction algorithm. This applies to tumors of the chest, abdomen and pelvis. Head and neck tumors and those of extremities usually require specific protocols.
Cancer staging can be divided into a clinical stage and a pathologic stage. In the TNM (Tumor, Node, Metastasis) system, clinical stage and pathologic stage are denoted by a small "c" or "p" before the stage (e.g., cT3N1M0 or pT2N0). This staging system is used for most forms of cancer, except brain tumors and hematological malignancies.
The association of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis with various immune-related conditions and response to immunosuppression led to a search for an autoimmune cause of idiopathic RPF. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Many of these previously idiopathic cases can now be attributed to IgG4-related disease , an autoimmune disorder proposed in 2003.
Desmoplastic small-round-cell tumor (DSRCT) is an aggressive and rare cancer that primarily occurs as masses in the abdomen. [4] Other areas affected may include the lymph nodes, the lining of the abdomen, diaphragm, spleen, liver, chest wall, skull, spinal cord, large intestine, small intestine, bladder, brain, lungs, testicles, ovaries, and the pelvis.