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In most DIPNECH cases, upon examination of the lung tissue, the overgrowth of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells is seen along the small airways, with extension through the basement membrane of the bronchiolar epithelium leading to formation of carcinoid tumorlets. When the tumorlets become greater than 5mm in size they are considered bronchial ...
Neuroendocrine hyperplasia is a rare condition amongst chILD. This condition is characterized as an overgrowth of pulmonary endocrine cells in the lungs. These cells receive signals from neurons to produce hormones. With this rapid increase of PNC (pulmonary endocrine cells), this can affect the airways of children. [3]
When neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia and tumorlets are extensive, they represent the rare preinvasive lesion for carcinoids known as "diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia". Both LCNEC and SCLC can demonstrate histologic heterogeneity with other major histologic types of lung carcinoma, such as pulmonary adenocarcinoma or ...
Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) are specialized airway epithelial cells that occur as solitary cells or as clusters called neuroepithelial bodies (NEBs) in the lung. Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells are also known as bronchial Kulchitsky cells. [2] They are located in the respiratory epithelium of the upper and lower respiratory tract.
Symptomatic features of paraneoplastic syndrome cultivate in four ways: endocrine, neurological, mucocutaneous, and hematological.The most common presentation is a fever (release of endogenous pyrogens often related to lymphokines or tissue pyrogens), but the overall picture will often include several clinical cases observed which may specifically simulate more common benign conditions.
Carcinoid syndrome is a paraneoplastic syndrome comprising the signs and symptoms that occur secondary to neuroendocrine tumors (formerly known as carcinoid tumors). [1] The syndrome is caused by neuroendocrine tumors most often found in the gut releasing biologically active substances into the blood causing symptoms such as flushing and diarrhea, and less frequently, heart failure, vomiting ...
Lung and thymic neuroendocrine neoplasms are classified in a similar manner, including typical and atypical carcinoids, small cell and large cell neuroendocrine carincomas. [ 7 ] Furthermore, the 2022 WHO classification introduces a two-tiered grading system for medullary thyroid carcinomas based on mitotic count, Ki-67 index and the absence or ...
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis; Pulmonary arterial hypertension; Pulmonary aspiration; Pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis; Pulmonary contusion; Pulmonary fibrosis; Pulmonary hematoma; Pulmonary hemorrhage; Pulmonary hyperplasia; Pulmonary laceration; Pulmonary oxygen toxicity; Pulmonary toxicity; Pulmonary venoocclusive disease; Pulmonary ...