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Laws were passed to integrate Jews into their host countries, forcing Ashkenazi Jews to adopt family names (they had formerly used patronymics). Newfound inclusion into public life led to cultural growth in the Haskalah, or Jewish Enlightenment, with its goal of integrating modern European values into Jewish life. [110]
Ashkenazi Jews in Israel; Total population; 2.8 million (full or partial Ashkenazi Jewish descent) [1] [2] Regions with significant populations; Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, Haifa and many other places: Languages; Hebrew (Main language for all generations); Older generation: Yiddish, Russian, Polish and other languages of countries that Ashkenazi Jews ...
As of 2021, over 85% of the global Jewish population resided in two countries: Israel and the United States. Additionally, 23 countries with Jewish populations exceeding 10,000 accounted for another 14%, while 77 countries, each with fewer than 10,000 Jews, comprised the remaining 1%. World core Jewish population estimates (1945-2020): [1]
3.8 People's Republic of China. ... List of Jewish communities by country, including synagogues, ... Synagogue of the Ashkenazi Jews in Baku; Belgium
The country is widely described as a melting pot for the various Jewish ethnic divisions, primarily consisting of Ashkenazi Jews, Sephardic Jews, and Mizrahi Jews, as well as many smaller Jewish communities, such as the Beta Israel, the Cochin Jews, the Bene Israel, and the Karaite Jews, among others.
Of the Jewish population, about 5.25 million would be Haredi. Overall, the forecast projected that 49% of the population would be either Haredi Jews (29%) or Arabs (20%). [115] It also projected a population of 20 million in 2065. [116] Jews and other non-Arabs are expected to compose 81% of the population in 2065, and Arabs 19%.
Ashkenazi Jewish culture later spread in the 16th century into Eastern Europe, where their rite replaced that of existing Jewish communities whom some scholars believe to have been larger in demographics than the Ashkenazi Jews themselves, [10] and then to all parts of the world with the migrations of Jews who identified as "Ashkenazi Jews".
The diaspora countries, by contrast, have low Jewish birth rates, an increasingly elderly age composition, and a negative balance of people leaving Judaism versus converting to Judaism. [14] Immigration trends also favor Israel ahead of diaspora countries. The Jewish state has a positive immigration balance (called aliyah in Hebrew).