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However, some research has suggested that the symptoms of hysteroid dysphoria manifest differently across men and women. [18] The degree of rejection sensitivity in participants was measured using a ‘rejection sensitive questionnaire’ and attitudes towards intimacy were identified using a ‘fear of intimacy scale’.
Symptoms: Low mood, mood reactivity, hyperphagia, hypersomnia, leaden paralysis, interpersonal rejection sensitivity: Complications: Self-harm: Usual onset: Typically adolescence [1] Types: Primary anxious, primarily vegetative [1] Risk factors: Bipolar disorder, anxiety disorder, female sex [2] Differential diagnosis
Avoidant personality disorder (AvPD), or anxious personality disorder, is a cluster C personality disorder characterized by excessive social anxiety and inhibition, fear of intimacy (despite an intense desire for it), severe feelings of inadequacy and inferiority, and an overreliance on avoidance of feared stimuli (e.g., self-imposed social isolation) as a maladaptive coping method. [1]
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A more recent (1996) definition of rejection sensitivity is the tendency to "anxiously expect, readily perceive, and overreact" to social rejection. [54] People differ in their readiness to perceive and react to rejection. [54] The causes of individual differences in rejection sensitivity are not well understood.
Fear of negative evaluation (FNE), or fear of failure, [1] also known as atychiphobia, [2] is a psychological construct reflecting "apprehension about others' evaluations, distress over negative evaluations by others, and the expectation that others would evaluate one negatively".
One may treat underlying causes such as depression (especially dysthymia or major depressive disorder) or bipolar disorder as well as the dysphoric symptoms themselves. [ citation needed ] The 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) defines dysphoria as "an unpleasant mood state, which can include feelings of ...
In double-blind, placebo-controlled trials other SSRIs like fluvoxamine, escitalopram and sertraline showed reduction of social anxiety symptoms, including anxiety, sensitivity to rejection and hostility. [158] Citalopram also appears to be effective. [159] General side-effects are common during the first weeks while the body adjusts to the drug.