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Neon lighting was an important cultural phenomenon in the United States in that era; [8] by 1940, the downtowns of nearly every city in the US were bright with neon signage, and Times Square in New York City was known worldwide for its neon extravagances. [9] [10] There were 2,000 shops nationwide designing and fabricating neon signs.
Neon is a colorless, odorless, inert monatomic gas under standard conditions, with approximately two-thirds the density of air. Neon was discovered in 1898 alongside krypton and xenon, identified as one of the three remaining rare inert elements in dry air after the removal of nitrogen, oxygen, argon, and carbon dioxide.
The installations in Times Square, many originally designed by Douglas Leigh, were famed, and there were nearly 2,000 small shops producing neon signs by 1940. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] In addition to signage, neon lighting is used frequently by artists and architects , [ 4 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] and (in a modified form) in plasma display panels and televisions .
A General Electric NE-34 glow lamp, manufactured circa 1930. Neon was discovered in 1898 by William Ramsay and Morris Travers.The characteristic, brilliant red color that is emitted by gaseous neon when excited electrically was noted immediately; Travers later wrote, "the blaze of crimson light from the tube told its own story and was a sight to dwell upon and never forget."
1898 W. Ramsay and W. Travers: 1898 W. Ramsay and W. Travers: On May 30, 1898, Ramsay separated a noble gas from liquid argon by difference in boiling point. [152] 10 Neon: 1898 W. Ramsay and W. Travers 1898 W. Ramsay and W. Travers: In June 1898 Ramsay separated a new noble gas from liquid argon by difference in boiling point. [152] 54 Xenon: 1898
The year 1898 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below. ... (May 30), neon (June 7) and xenon (July 12) at University College London.
1910 Georges Claude demonstrates neon lighting at the Paris Motor Show. 1912 Charles P. Steinmetz invents the metal-halide lamp. [13] 1913 Irving Langmuir discovers that inert gas could double the luminous efficacy of incandescent lightbulbs. 1917 Burnie Lee Benbow patents the coiled coil filament. 1920 Arthur Compton invents the sodium-vapor ...
Douglas Leigh (May 24, 1907 – December 14, 1999) was an American advertising executive and lighting designer, and a pioneer in signage and outdoor advertising. [1] [2] He is famous for making New York City's Times Square the site of some of the world's most famous neon signs, [3] or electric billboards.