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During these two periods, the vogue for medieval things led craftsmen to adopt Gothic decorative motifs in their work, such as bell turrets, lancet arches, trefoils, Gothic tracery and rose windows. This style was also as "Cathedral style" ("À la catédrale") or "Troubadour style" ("style troubadour"). [1] [2]
This was a change in the narrative style of the window. Prior to the 13th century, windows were of dozens of scenes from the life of a Saint or martyr, showing all the episodes of his life. In the 14th century, windows began to concentrate on one single important event of the martyr's life at a larger scale.
The Gothic incarnations of the cathedral were built under Mindaugas, Władysław II Jagiełło, and Vytautas. The present structure includes portions from the Gothic iterations: the foundations (Mindaugas), the crypt (Jagiełło), and some walls and pillars (Vytautas). Vilnius Upper Castle Old Town, Vilnius: Also known as Gediminas Castle. Ruins.
Pointed arch windows of Gothic buildings were initially (late 12th–late 13th centuries) lancet windows, a solution typical of the Early Gothic or First Pointed style and of the Early English Gothic. [1] [5] Plate tracery was the first type of tracery to be developed, emerging in the style called High Gothic. [1]
The primary characteristics of early English glass are deep rich colours, particularly deep blues and ruby reds, often with a streaky and uneven colour, which adds to their appeal; their mosaic quality, being composed of an assembly of small pieces; the importance of the iron work, which becomes part of the design; and the simple and bold style of the painting of faces and details.
Oculi: These could be open or blind, could be glazed or filled with thin alabaster.During the late Gothic period very large ocular windows were common in Italy, being used in preference to traceried windows and being filled with elaborate pictures in stained glass designed by the most accomplished Late Medieval and Early Renaissance designers including Duccio, Donatello, Uccello and Ghiberti.
Gothic windows had a more important position, over the portal on the west end, and surpassed the earlier windows in size and complexity. The Abbey of Saint Denis had a small rose window on the west façade, above the three deep bays of the portals, an arrangement followed by subsequent cathedrals in France.
The Gothic rib vault was one of the essential elements that made the great height and large windows of Gothic architecture possible. [64] Unlike the semi-circular barrel vault of Roman and Romanesque buildings, where the weight pressed directly downward, and required thick walls and small windows, the Gothic rib vault was made of diagonal ...