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Ephedra is widely used by athletes as a performance-enhancing drug, [13] despite a lack of evidence that it improves athletic performance. [14] [15] Ephedra may also be used as a precursor in the illicit manufacture of methamphetamine. [16] Ephedra has been used as a weight-loss aid, sometimes in combination with aspirin and caffeine.
Ephedra: ma huang: Ephedra sinica: Agitation and palpitations, [3] "hypertension, irregular heart rate, insomnia, nervousness, tremors and seizures, paranoid psychosis, heart attacks, strokes, and death", [1] [15] kidney stones [15] Flavonoids (contained in many medicinal plants) [5] Vitamin P, citrin Flavonoids, bioflavonoids Hemolytic anemia ...
Ephedrine is a potentially dangerous natural compound; as of 2004 the US Food and Drug Administration had received over 18,000 reports of adverse effects in people using it. [ 32 ] Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are more common with systemic administration (e.g. injection or oral administration) compared to topical administration (e.g. nasal ...
Medication interactions. ... As of 2018, 37 percent of all men over age 50 used statins, a drug that helps to lower cholesterol and the risk of heart disease. For this population, some studies ...
Pseudoephedrine, one of the naturally occurring alkaloids of ephedra, is a sympathomimetic used as a decongestant. [ medical citation needed ] It produces a decongestant effect that is facilitated by the vasoconstriction in the mucosal capillaries of the upper respiratory areas.
The Ephedra alkaloids, ephedrine and pseudoephedrine – constituents of E. sinica and other members of the genus – have sympathomimetic and decongestant qualities, [21] and have been used as dietary supplements, mainly for weight loss. [22] The drug ephedrine is used to prevent low blood pressure during spinal anesthesia. [21]
Blood or plasma pseudoephedrine concentrations are typically in the 50 to 300 μg/L range in persons taking the drug therapeutically, 500 to 3,000 μg/L in people with substance use disorder involving pseudoephedrine or poisoned patients, and 10 to 70 mg/L in cases of acute fatal overdose. [106] [107]
A drug combination chart designed for harm reduction by TripSit [1] Polysubstance use or multisubstance use is the use of combinations of psychoactive substances with both legal and illegal substances. This page lists polysubstance combinations that are entheogenic, recreational, or off-label indicated use of pharmaceuticals.
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