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The triple religion (Vietnamese: tam giáo), referring to the syncretic combination of Mahayana Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism, and Vietnamese folk religion (often assimilated), remain a strong influence on the beliefs and practices of the Vietnamese, even if the levels of formal membership in these religious communities may not reflect ...
Vietnamese folk religion (Vietnamese: tín ngưỡng dân gian Việt Nam) or Đạo Lương (道良) is a group of spiritual beliefs and practices adhered by the Vietnamese people. About 86% of the population in Vietnam are reported irreligious, [1] but are associated with this tradition.
The lên đồng ritual in process. Múa mồi (fire dance) in lên đồng ritual. Lên đồng (Vietnamese: [len ɗə̂wŋm], chữ Nôm: 𨖲童), votive dance, "to mount the medium", [1] or "going into trance" [2]) is a ritual practiced in Vietnamese folk religion, in which followers become spirit mediums for various kinds of spirits.
While the Constitution of Vietnam officially provides for freedom of religion, in practice the government imposes a range of legislative measures restricting religious practice (such as registration requirements, control boards, and surveillance). [1] [2] [3] All religious groups must register and seek approval from the government.
Most Vietnamese, regardless of religious denomination, practice ancestor worship and have an ancestor altar at their home or business. [25] Đạo Mẫu, or the worship of mother goddesses, was established in Vietnam in the 16th century and draws together various disparate beliefs and practices. [26] [27]
Caodaism (/ ˌ k aʊ ˈ d aɪ z ə m /; Vietnamese: Đạo Cao Đài; Mandarin: 道高臺, IPA: [ʔɗaːw˧˨ʔ kaːw˧˧ ʔɗaːj˨˩]) or Cao Đài is a Vietnamese monotheistic syncretic religion that retains many elements from Vietnamese folk religion such as ancestor worship, [citation needed] as well as "ethical precepts from Confucianism ...
Likewise, modern Vietnamese Buddhist practice can be very eclectic, including elements from Thiền (Chan Buddhism), Thiên Thai, and Tịnh độ (Pure Land). [6] Vietnamese Buddhist are often separated not by sects but by the style in how they perform and recite texts, which monks of different regions of Vietnam are known for.
Most research on Vietnamese philosophy is conducted by modern Vietnamese scholars. [6] The traditional Vietnamese philosophy has been described by one biographer of Ho Chi Minh (Brocheux, 2007) as a "perennial Sino-Vietnamese philosophy" blending different strands of Confucianism with Buddhism and Taoism. [7]