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  2. Thermal expansion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_expansion

    Thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to increase in length, area, or volume, changing its size and density, in response to an increase in temperature (usually ...

  3. Thermal stress - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_stress

    Temperature gradients, thermal expansion or contraction and thermal shocks are things that can lead to thermal stress. This type of stress is highly dependent on the thermal expansion coefficient which varies from material to material. In general, the greater the temperature change, the higher the level of stress that can occur.

  4. Relations between heat capacities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relations_between_heat...

    The laws of thermodynamics imply the following relations between these two heat capacities (Gaskell 2003:23): = = Here is the thermal expansion coefficient: = is the isothermal compressibility (the inverse of the bulk modulus):

  5. Compressibility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compressibility

    where γ is the heat capacity ratio, α is the volumetric coefficient of thermal expansion, ρ = N/V is the particle density, and = (/) is the thermal pressure coefficient. In an extensive thermodynamic system, the application of statistical mechanics shows that the isothermal compressibility is also related to the relative size of fluctuations ...

  6. Thermal equation of state of solids - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_equation_of_state...

    In paper, [9] the authors proposed a different thermal expansion equation of state, which consists of isothermal compression at room temperature, following by thermal expansion at high pressure. To distinguish these two thermal expansion equations of state, the latter one is called pressure-dependent thermal expansion equation of state.

  7. Thermodynamic cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_cycle

    The Carnot cycle is a cycle composed of the totally reversible processes of isentropic compression and expansion and isothermal heat addition and rejection. The thermal efficiency of a Carnot cycle depends only on the absolute temperatures of the two reservoirs in which heat transfer takes place, and for a power cycle is:

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  9. Rayleigh number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayleigh_number

    β is the thermal expansion coefficient (equals to 1/T, for ideal gases, where T is absolute temperature). is the kinematic viscosity; α is the thermal diffusivity; T s is the surface temperature; T ∞ is the quiescent temperature (fluid temperature far from the surface of the object) Gr x is the Grashof number for characteristic length x