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The trees can be tapped in a similar fashion, but must be gathered about three times more often. Birch sap can be boiled the same as maple sap, but its syrup is stronger (like molasses). It can be used to make birch beer. [6] Boiling also destroys volatile quantities of wintergreen oil. [3] The inner bark can be eaten raw as an emergency food.
The common hackberry is easily distinguished from elms and some other hackberries by its cork-like bark with wart-like protuberances. The leaves are distinctly asymmetrical and coarse-textured. It produces small fruits that turn orange-red to dark purple in the autumn , often staying on the trees for several months.
The tree can grow to 25 m in height, though 10 m is more common in cooler climates. The bark is smooth and grey, almost elephantine. [5]The alternate leaves are narrow and sharp-toothed, rugose above and tomentose below, 5–15 cm long and dark grey/green throughout the year, fading to a pale yellow before falling in autumn.
Mature trees range from 12 to 20 metres (40–65 ft) tall with short trunks and round-topped canopies. [6] The roots are thick, fleshy, and covered with bright orange bark. The tree's mature bark is dark, deeply furrowed and scaly. The plant has significant potential to invade unmanaged habitats. [6]
Related nettle trees of the genus Celtis have been introduced to South Africa, and are readily confused with the white stinkwood. These species, which typically have the leaves less hairy, have been introduced as shade trees in gardens and parks, or invade river banks and other city spaces. [7] Some of them also hybridize, as all are wind ...
The inner bark is considered edible as an emergency food, even when raw. [12] It can be dried and ground into flour, as was done by Native Americans and early settlers. It can also be cut into strips and cooked like noodles. [12] The sap can be drunk or used to make syrup [12] and birch beer. Tea can be made from the red inner bark of black ...
Native Americans used the sap of wild trees to make sugar, as medicine, and in bread. They used the wood to make baskets and furniture. [7] An infusion of bark removed from the south side of the tree is used by the Mohegan as cough medicine. [16] The Cherokee take an infusion of the bark to treat cramps, menstrual pains, dysentery, and hives. [17]
Eucalyptus macrorhyncha, commonly known as the red stringybark, [3] is a species of medium-sized tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has rough, stringy, grey to brown bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and hemispherical fruit.