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Mithraic altar (3rd-century AD) showing Caelus flanked by allegories of the Seasons (Museum Carnuntinum, Lower Austria)Caelus or Coelus (/ ˈ s iː l ə s /; SEE-ləs) was a primordial god of the sky in Roman mythology and theology, iconography, and literature (compare caelum, the Latin word for "sky" or "heaven", hence English "celestial").
Cicero says that Aether and Dies were the parents of Caelus (Sky). [3] While, Hyginus says that, in addition to Caelus, Aether and Dies were also the parents of Terra (Earth), and Mare (Sea). [4] Cicero also says that Dies and Caelus were the parents of Mercury, the Roman counterpart of Hermes. [5]
Jupiter Caelus, Jupiter as the sky or heavens; see also Caelus. Jupiter Caelestis, "Heavenly" or "Celestial Jupiter". Jupiter Elicius, Jupiter "who calls forth [celestial omens]" or "who is called forth [by incantations]"; "sender of rain". Jupiter Feretrius, who carries away the spoils of war". Feretrius was called upon to witness solemn oaths ...
The name Caelius (sometimes spelled Coelius) is an ancient Roman nomen and may refer to: . Caelius Vibenna (8th century BC), a noble Etruscan; Gaius Coelius Caldus or Caelius (2nd–1st century BC), a consul of the Roman Republic
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Caelus, god of the sky before Jupiter. Camenae, goddesses with various attributes including fresh water, prophecy, and childbirth. There were four of them: Carmenta, Egeria, Antevorta, and Postvorta. Cardea, goddess of the hinge , identified by Ovid with Carna (below) Carmenta, goddess of childbirth and prophecy, and assigned a flamen minor.
According to Festus (203:19), "Ops is said to be the wife of Saturn and the daughter of Caelus. By her they designated the earth , because the earth distributes all goods to the human genus " ( Opis dicta est coniux Saturni per quam uolerunt terram significare, quia omnes opes humano generi terra tribuit ).
In Roman mythology, Uranus's counterpart was Caelus (Sky). Cicero says Caelus was the offspring of Aether and Dies (Day), [30] and that Caelus and Dies were the parents of Mercury . [31] Hyginus says that, in addition to Caelus, Aether and Dies were also the parents of Terra (Earth), and Mare (Sea). [32]