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The instruments moved from Spain northward to France [13] [14] and eastward towards Italy by way of Provence. Beside the introduction of the lute to Spain (Andalusia) by the Moors, another important point of transfer of the lute from Arabian to European culture was Sicily, where it was brought either by Byzantine or later by Muslim musicians. [15]
The clavichord is an example of a period instrument. In the historically informed performance movement, musicians perform classical music using restored or replicated versions of the instruments for which it was originally written. Often performances by such musicians are said to be "on authentic instruments".
Long String Instrument, (by Ellen Fullman, strings are rubbed in, and vibrate in the longitudinal mode) Magnetic resonance piano , (strings activated by electromagnetic fields) Stringed instruments with keyboards
In the 18th century, mandora was the name of a six-course lute instrument of about 70 cm string length, tuned high-to-low d' - a - f - c - G - F or e' - b - g - d - A - E (rarely with two or three additional bass courses). With the former tuning, the instrument was called Calichon or Galichon in Bohemia.
The clavichord is a stringed rectangular keyboard instrument [1] that was used largely in the Late Middle Ages, through the Renaissance, Baroque and Classical eras. [2] Historically, it was mostly used as a practice instrument and as an aid to composition, not being loud enough for larger performances. [ 2 ]
Two-stringed instrument, held between the legs, with a trapezoidal body and a horse's head typically carved on the upper edge of the pegbox 321.322: Montenegro: gusle [101] Stringed instrument, round, typically with one string bound at the top of the neck with a tuning peg 321.321-71: Myanmar: saung-gauk [102] saung, Burmese harp
Unlike most modern stringed instruments, the lute's fretboard is mounted flush with the top. The pegbox for lutes before the Baroque era was angled back from the neck at almost 90° (see image), presumably to help hold the low-tension strings firmly against the nut which, traditionally, is not glued in place but is held in place by string ...
The English guitar or guittar (also citra) is a stringed instrument – a type of cittern – popular in many places in Europe from around 1750–1850. It is unknown when the identifier "English" became connected to the instrument: at the time of its introduction to Great Britain, and during its period of popularity, it was apparently simply known as guitar or guittar.