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In total, there are 13 Köppen climate types in Spain, with the polar tundra type (ET) becoming extinct from the period 1981-2010. These are the climates that are found in majority of Spain: Mediterranean climate (Cs): Predominates the country and occupies around 60.2% of the territory. It is characterized by dry (warm or hot) summers and mild ...
Climate change has caused temperatures in the world to rise in the last few decades, and temperatures in Europe have risen twice as fast as the average change in the rest of the world. [1] In Spain, which already has a hot and dry climate, extreme events such as heatwaves are becoming increasingly frequent.
The following list is the highest average mean maximum temperatures ever recorded in Spain, above 39.4 °C (102.9 °F). Cities in the interior of southern Spain recorded the highest average mean maximums temperatures ever in all of Europe. [26] [27]
Annual average temperature in the city center is around 15.4 °C (59.7 °F), while in the airport area is around 14.9 °C (58.8 °F). The city center generally have warmer temperatures year round, due to the urban heat island, causing nighttime temperatures in the center to be higher than in areas outside, despite daytime temperatures being slightly lower in relation to the surrounding areas.
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The locally generated steppe climate covers the majority of peninsular Spain, influencing the Meseta Central, the adjoining mountains to the east and the south, and the Ebro Basin. [9] This climate is characterized by wide diurnal and seasonal variations in temperature and by low, irregular rainfall with high rates of evaporation that leave the ...
Córdoba has a hot Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification Csa). [94] It has the highest summer average daily temperatures in Spain and Europe (with highs averaging 37 °C (99 °F) in July and August) and days with temperatures over 40 °C (104 °F) are common in the summer months.
Barcelona's average annual temperature is 21.2 °C (70.2 °F) during the day and 15.1 °C (59.2 °F) at night. In the coldest month, January, the temperature typically ranges from 12 to 18 °C (54 to 64 °F) during the day and 6 to 12 °C (43 to 54 °F) at night.