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  2. Vitamin D - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_D

    Unlike the other twelve vitamins, vitamin D is only conditionally essential - in a preindustrial society people had adequate exposure to sunlight and the vitamin was a hormone, as the primary natural source of vitamin D was the synthesis of cholecalciferol in the lower layers of the skin’s epidermis, triggered by a photochemical reaction with ...

  3. 7-Dehydrocholesterol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7-Dehydrocholesterol

    7-Dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) is a zoosterol that functions in the serum as a cholesterol precursor, and is photochemically converted to vitamin D 3 in the skin, therefore functioning as provitamin-D 3. The presence of this compound in human skin enables humans to manufacture vitamin D 3 (cholecalciferol). Upon exposure to ultraviolet UV-B rays ...

  4. Ergosterol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergosterol

    Fluconazole, miconazole, itraconazole, clotrimazole, and myclobutanil work in a different way, inhibiting synthesis of ergosterol from lanosterol by interfering with 14α-demethylase. [6] Ergosterol is a smaller molecule than lanosterol; it is synthesized by combining two molecules of farnesyl pyrophosphate, a 15-carbon-long terpenoid, into ...

  5. CYP2R1 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CYP2R1

    CYP2R1 is cytochrome P450 2R1, an enzyme which is the principal vitamin D 25-hydroxylase. [5] [6] In humans it is encoded by the CYP2R1 gene located on chromosome 11p15.2. [7]It is expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum in liver, where it performs the first step in the activation of vitamin D by catalyzing the formation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. [8]

  6. CYP24A1 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CYP24A1

    CYP24A1 is an enzyme expressed in the mitochondrion of humans and other species. It catalyzes hydroxylation reactions which lead to the degradation of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3, the physiologically active form of vitamin D.

  7. Cholecalciferol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholecalciferol

    Cholecalciferol is a form of vitamin D which is naturally synthesized in skin and functions as a pro-hormone, being converted to calcitriol. This is important for maintaining calcium levels and promoting bone health and development. [4] As a medication, cholecalciferol may be taken as a dietary supplement to prevent or to treat vitamin D ...

  8. Vitamin D-binding protein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_D-binding_protein

    Vitamin D-binding protein (DBP), also/originally known as gc-globulin (group-specific component), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GC gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] DBP is genetically the oldest member of the albuminoid family and appeared early in the evolution of vertebrates.

  9. Vitamin D receptor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_D_receptor

    The vitamin D receptor (VDR also known as the calcitriol receptor) is a member of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors. [5] Calcitriol (the active form of vitamin D , 1,25-(OH) 2 vitamin D 3 ) binds to VDR, which then forms a heterodimer with the retinoid-X receptor .

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