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Post hoc (sometimes written as post-hoc) is a Latin phrase, meaning "after this" or "after the event". Post hoc may refer to: Post hoc analysis or post hoc test, statistical analyses that were not specified before the data were seen; Post hoc theorizing, generating hypotheses based on data already observed
Post hoc ergo propter hoc (Latin: 'after this, therefore because of this') is an informal fallacy that states "Since event Y followed event X, event Y must have been caused by event X." It is a fallacy in which an event is presumed to have been caused by a closely preceding event merely on the grounds of temporal succession.
In a scientific study, post hoc analysis (from Latin post hoc, "after this") consists of statistical analyses that were specified after the data were seen. [1] [2] They are usually used to uncover specific differences between three or more group means when an analysis of variance (ANOVA) test is significant. [3]
After the arrival of new information, the current posterior probability may serve as the prior in another round of Bayesian updating. [ 3 ] In the context of Bayesian statistics , the posterior probability distribution usually describes the epistemic uncertainty about statistical parameters conditional on a collection of observed data.
The term ex-ante (sometimes written ex ante or exante) is a New Latin phrase meaning "before the event". [1] In economics, ex-ante or notional demand refers to the desire for goods and services that is not backed by the ability to pay for those goods and services. This is also termed as 'wants of people'.
HuffPost Data Visualization, analysis, interactive maps and real-time graphics. Browse, copy and fork our open-source software.; Remix thousands of aggregated polling results.
Probability is the branch of mathematics and statistics concerning events and numerical descriptions of how likely they are to occur. The probability of an event is a number between 0 and 1; the larger the probability, the more likely an event is to occur. [note 1] [1] [2] This number is often expressed as a percentage (%), ranging from 0% to ...
In clinical practice, post-test probabilities are often just estimated or even guessed. This is usually acceptable in the finding of a pathognomonic sign or symptom, in which case it is almost certain that the target condition is present; or in the absence of finding a sine qua non sign or symptom, in which case it is almost certain that the target condition is absent.