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Stereoscopy creates the impression of three-dimensional depth from a pair of two-dimensional images. [5] Human vision, including the perception of depth, is a complex process, which only begins with the acquisition of visual information taken in through the eyes; much processing ensues within the brain, as it strives to make sense of the raw information.
A stereo transparency viewer is a type of stereoscope that offers similar advantages, e.g. the View-Master. Disadvantages of stereo cards, slides or any other hard copy or print are that the two images are likely to receive differing wear, scratches and other decay. This results in stereo artifacts when the images are viewed.
In 1833, an English scientist Charles Wheatstone discovered stereopsis, the component of depth perception that arises due to binocular disparity.Binocular disparity comes from the human eyes having a distance between them: A 3D scene viewed through the left eye creates a slightly different image than the same scene viewed with the right eye, with the head kept in the same position.
Individuals have been found to integrate the various stimuli, for example stereoscopic cues and motion occlusion, in different ways. [ 18 ] How the brain combines the different cues – including stereo, motion, vergence angle and monocular cues – for sensing motion in depth and 3D object position is an area of active research in vision ...
Stereo cameras can betray practical effects used during filming. For example, some scenes in the Lord of the Rings film trilogy were filmed using forced perspective to allow two actors to appear to be different physical sizes. The same scene filmed in stereo would reveal that the actors were not the same distance from the camera.
This could be described as "ortho stereo." An example would be the Realist format that was so popular in the late 1940s to mid-1950s and is still being used by some today. When these images are viewed using high quality viewers, or seen with a properly set up projector, the impression is, indeed, very close to being at the site of photography.
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Auditory imagery pertains to sounds, noises, music, or the sense of hearing. (This kind of imagery may come in the form of onomatopoeia). Olfactory imagery pertains to odors, aromas, scents, or the sense of smell. Gustatory imagery pertains to flavors or the sense of taste. Tactile imagery pertains to physical textures or the sense of touch.