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Porter, Dean. "Ivory Carving in Later Medieval England, 1200–1400." State University of New York, Binghamton, 1974; Stratford, Neil. "Glastonbury and Two Gothic Ivories in the United States." Studies in Medieval Sculpture, Volume 3. London: Society of Antiquaries of London, 1983; Wixom, William. "Medieval Sculpture at The Cloisters".
The Venus of Brassempouy, about 25,000 BP 11th-century Anglo-Saxon ivory cross reliquary of walrus ivory. Ivory carving is the carving of ivory, that is to say animal tooth or tusk, generally by using sharp cutting tools, either mechanically or manually. Objects carved in ivory are often called "ivories".
The cross is usually said to have been carved in England between 1150 and 1160, although some scholars believe it is more likely to be central European. It is made from walrus ivory and measures 22 5 ⁄ 8 × 14 1 ⁄ 4 in. (57.5 × 36.2 cm). It includes highly detailed carvings on both sides and a number of inscriptions.
Ivory is a fragile medium; many 19th-century pieces were preserved because they were kept in a barrel of oil on board ship. Gary Kiracofe, a scrimshander in Nantucket, Massachusetts, advises collectors that if a piece looks dry, one should fill the center of the tooth with unscented baby oil and allow it to remain until as much oil as possible is soaked into the microscopic pores of the ivory.
There is a second ivory triptych in the British Museum and two leaves divided between the British Museum and the Louvre. They are carved with the same arms. [ 6 ] The Grandisson ivories in the Louvre and British Museum demonstrate iconographic features that suggest Italian influence and the style of paintings from the province of Siena in Tuscany.
Ivory has been valued since ancient times in art or manufacturing for making a range of items from ivory carvings to false teeth, piano keys, fans, and dominoes. [9] Elephant ivory is the most important source, but ivory from mammoth , walrus , hippopotamus , sperm whale , orca , narwhal and warthog are used as well.
Benin Altar Tusks (Edo: Aken’ni Elao) are ivory artefacts from the Benin Kingdom in present-day Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.These tusks date back to the 16th century and measure approximately 61 inches (1,500 mm) in height, 5.2 inches (130 mm) in width, 4.7 inches (120 mm) in depth, and weighing 25 kilograms (55 lb) according to a sample at the British Museum.
The Virgin and Child from the Sainte-Chapelle is an ivory sculpture probably created in the 1260s, currently in the possession of the Louvre Museum in Paris.The museum itself describes it as "unquestionably the most beautiful piece of ronde-bosse [in the round] ivory carving ever made", [1] and the finest individual work of art in the wave of ivory sculpture coming out of Paris in the 13th and ...