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A geologist is a scientist who studies the structure, composition, and history of Earth. Geologists incorporate techniques from physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics, and geography to perform research in the field and the laboratory. Geologists work in the energy and mining sectors to exploit natural resources.
Geology – one of the Earth sciences – is the study of the Earth, with the general exclusion of present-day life, flow within the ocean, and the atmosphere. The field of geology encompasses the composition, structure, physical properties, and history of Earth's components, and the processes by which it is shaped.
Works completed by engineering geologists include; geologic hazards assessment, geotechnical, material properties, landslide and slope stability, erosion, flooding, dewatering, and seismic investigations, etc. [3] Engineering geology studies are performed by a geologist or engineering geologist that is educated, trained and has obtained ...
Engineering geologists and geological engineers are both interested in the study of the Earth, its shifting movement, and alterations, [22] [23] and the interactions of human society and infrastructure with, on, and in Earth materials. Both disciplines require licenses from professional bodies in most jurisdictions to conduct related work.
Richard Blane Alley (born 18 August 1957) [6] is an American geologist and Evan Pugh Professor of Geosciences at Pennsylvania State University. [7] He has authored more than 240 refereed scientific publications about the relationships between Earth's cryosphere and global climate change, [3] and is recognized by the Institute for Scientific Information as a Highly Cited Researcher.
Resource geology studies how energy resources can be obtained from minerals. Environmental geology studies how pollution and contaminants affect soil and rock. [ 2 ] Mineralogy is the study of minerals and includes the study of mineral formation, crystal structure , hazards associated with minerals, and the physical and chemical properties of ...
Solidified lava flow in Hawaii Sedimentary layers in Badlands National Park, South Dakota Metamorphic rock, Nunavut, Canada. Geology (from Ancient Greek γῆ (gê) 'earth' and λoγία () 'study of, discourse') [1] [2] is a branch of natural science concerned with the Earth and other astronomical objects, the rocks of which they are composed, and the processes by which they change over time. [3]
With the government and industrial funding of geological research, more individuals undertook study of geology as technology and techniques improved, leading to the expansion of the field of the science. [14] In the 19th century, geological inquiry had estimated the age of the Earth in terms of millions of years.