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Automotive aerodynamics is the study of the aerodynamics of road vehicles. Its main goals are reducing drag and wind noise, minimizing noise emission, and preventing undesired lift forces and other causes of aerodynamic instability at high speeds.
Backspin produces an upwards force that prolongs the flight of a moving ball. [4] Likewise side-spin causes swerve to either side as seen during some baseball pitches, e.g. slider. [5] The overall behaviour is similar to that around an aerofoil (see lift force), but with a circulation generated by mechanical rotation rather than shape of the ...
Lift is always accompanied by a drag force, which is the component of the surface force parallel to the flow direction. Lift is mostly associated with the wings of fixed-wing aircraft , although it is more widely generated by many other streamlined bodies such as propellers , kites , helicopter rotors , racing car wings , maritime sails , wind ...
Vehicle dynamics is the study of vehicle motion, e.g., how a vehicle's forward movement changes in response to driver inputs, propulsion system outputs, ambient conditions, air/surface/water conditions, etc. Vehicle dynamics is a part of engineering primarily based on classical mechanics.
The dynamic lift factor (DLF), also known as the design dynamic factor, is a critical parameter in the crane design and operation. It accounts for the dynamic effects that can increase the load on a crane's structure and components during lifting operations. These effects include:
The rounded and tapered shape of the top of a car is designed to slice through the air and minimize wind resistance. [citation needed] Detailed pieces of bodywork on top of the car can be added to allow a smooth flow of air to reach the downforce-creating elements (e.g., wings or spoilers, and underbody tunnels).
The lift coefficient C L is defined by [2] [3] = =, where is the lift force, is the relevant surface area and is the fluid dynamic pressure, in turn linked to the fluid density, and to the flow speed.
The aerodynamic force is the resultant vector from adding the lift vector, perpendicular to the flow direction, and the drag vector, parallel to the flow direction. Forces on an aerofoil . In fluid mechanics , an aerodynamic force is a force exerted on a body by the air (or other gas ) in which the body is immersed, and is due to the relative ...