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Clopidogrel, sold under the brand name Plavix among others, is an antiplatelet medication used to reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke in those at high risk. [10] It is also used together with aspirin in heart attacks and following the placement of a coronary artery stent (dual antiplatelet therapy). [10] It is taken by mouth. [10]
Antiplatelet therapy with one or more of these drugs decreases the ability of blood clots to form by interfering with the platelet activation process in primary hemostasis. Antiplatelet drugs can reversibly or irreversibly inhibit the process involved in platelet activation resulting in decreased tendency of platelets to adhere to one another ...
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors are frequently used during percutaneous coronary intervention (angioplasty with or without intracoronary stent placement).. They work by preventing platelet aggregation and thrombus formation.
[2] [3] Platelet activation by ADP (blocked by clopidogrel) leads to the aforementioned conformational change in platelet gpIIb/IIIa receptors that induces binding to fibrinogen. [1] The gpIIb/IIIa receptor is a target of several drugs including abciximab, eptifibatide, and tirofiban.
Clopidogrel and related antiplatelet medications also work as purinergic receptor P2Y12 antagonists. [citation needed] Data suggest that ADP activates the PI3K/Akt pathway during a first wave of aggregation, leading to thrombin generation and PAR‐1 activation, which evokes a second wave of aggregation. [23]
English: Clopidogrel (top left) being activated. The active metabolite (top right) has Z configuration at the double bond C3–C16 and possibly R configuration at the newly asymmetric C4. The first step is a cytochrome P450 mediated oxidation; the two structures at the bottom are tautomers of each other; and the final step is a hydrolysis.
1557 n/a Ensembl ENSG00000165841 n/a UniProt P33261 n/a RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000769 n/a RefSeq (protein) NP_000760 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 10: 94.76 – 94.86 Mb n/a PubMed search n/a Wikidata View/Edit Human Cytochrome P450 2C19 (abbreviated CYP2C19) is an enzyme protein. It is a member of the CYP2C subfamily of the cytochrome P450 mixed-function oxidase system. This subfamily includes enzymes ...
70839 Ensembl ENSG00000169313 ENSMUSG00000036353 UniProt Q9H244 Q9CPV9 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_176876 NM_022788 NM_027571 NM_001357007 NM_001357008 NM_001357010 RefSeq (protein) NP_073625 NP_795345 NP_081847 NP_001343936 NP_001343937 NP_001343939 Location (UCSC) Chr 3: 151.34 – 151.38 Mb Chr 3: 59.12 – 59.17 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse P2Y 12 is a chemoreceptor for ...