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A value of zero indicates complete equality (for example, if each household received the same amount of income), and a value of one indicates complete inequality (for example, if a single household received all the income). Thus, a Gini coefficient that increases over time indicates rising income inequality."
Table A-3: Selected Measures of Household Income Dispersion: 1967 to 2003 (PDF). Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2003 36–37. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2007-06-16. This image is intended to replace en:File:Income 1967.jpg with an SVG version This work is entirely my own, built using gnuplot 4.0.
While pre-tax income is the primary driver of income inequality, the less progressive tax code further increased the share of after-tax income going to the highest income groups. For example, had these tax changes not occurred, the after-tax income share of the top 0.1% would have been approximately 4.5% in 2000 instead of the 7.3% actual figure.
Real median income also varied by age groups, with median income for household members aged 65 and over being hit the hardest — declining 2.6% between 2020 and 2021, according to the report.
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In 2008, the wealth gap in terms of percentage of total income in the United States between the top 1% and 5% was 7% and the gap between the top 1% and top 10% was 9%. This is an 11% reversal from the respective percentage shares of income held by these groups in 1963. Income inequality clearly accelerated beginning in the 1980s.
The top quintile in personal income in 2019 was $103,012 [2] (included in the chart below). The differences between household and personal income are considerable, since 61% of households now have two or more income earners. [3]
The United States has the greatest income disparity among developed nations. [1] However, the inequality indicators vary considerably from state to state. States that have a high concentration of skilled jobs, implement regressive tax policies, or have weaker worker protections in general tend to have greater income inequalities.