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Ethylene glycol is one precursor to polyethyleneterephthalate, which is produced on the multimillion ton scale annually. In the plastic industry, ethylene glycol is an important precursor to polyester fibers and resins. Polyethylene terephthalate, used to make plastic bottles for soft drinks, is prepared from ethylene glycol.
n.o.s. = not otherwise specified meaning a collective entry to which substances, mixtures, solutions or articles may be assigned if a) they are not mentioned by name in 3.2 Dangerous Goods List AND b) they exhibit chemical, physical and/or dangerous properties corresponding to the Class, classification code, packing group and the name and description of the n.o.s. entry [2]
Technical Guidance WM2: Hazardous Waste: Interpretation of the definition and classification of hazardous waste [1] is a guidance document developed and jointly published by the English Environment Agency, Natural Resources Wales, Scottish Environment Protection Agency and the Northern Ireland Environment Agency to provide guidance on the assessment and classification of hazardous waste based ...
One U.S. FAA-approved deicing fluid (Kilfrost DF Sustain) is 1,3-propanediol, a fermentation product of corn, as a freezing point depressant instead of ethylene glycol or propylene glycol. [ 19 ] Benzotriazole (and tolyltriazoles), although not highly toxic, is not readily degradable and has a limited sorption tendency.
R' = H or alkyl C7 or less; or OR' consisting of carboxylic acid ester, sulfate, phosphate, nitrate, or sulfonate. Polymers are excluded from the glycol category, as well as surfactant alcohol ethoxylates (where R is an alkyl C8 or greater) and their derivatives, and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (CAS 111-76-2).
The reaction yields ethylene glycol and the terephalate salt, in aqueous solution. After separation and filtration, in a second step, the salt is neutralized with strong mineral acid to precipitate the terephthalic acid. [(CO)C 6 H 4 (CO 2 CH 2 CH 2 O)] n + 2n MOH → n C 6 H 4 (CO 2 M) 2 + n HOCH 2 CH 2 OH C 6 H 4 (CO 2 M) 2 + 2HCl → C 6 H 4 ...
Polymerization of ethylene oxide is an exothermic process. Overheating or contaminating ethylene oxide with catalysts, such as alkalis or metal oxides, can lead to runaway polymerization, which can end in an explosion after a few hours. Polyethylene oxide, or high-molecular-weight polyethylene glycol, is synthesized by suspension polymerization.
The most common source of ethylene glycol is automotive antifreeze or radiator coolant, where concentrations are high. [9] Other sources of ethylene glycol include windshield deicing agents, brake fluid, motor oil, developing solutions for hobby photographers, wood stains, solvents, and paints. [9]