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At least 10% of ethnic Poles in Volhynia were killed by the UPA, according to Ivan Katchanovski, and thus "Polish casualties comprised about 1% of the prewar population of Poles on territories where the UPA was active and 0.2% of the entire ethnically Polish population in Ukraine and Poland". [175]
Paul Robert Magocsi, A History of Ukraine, University of Toronto Press: Toronto 1996, ISBN 0-8020-0830-5 (in Polish) Władysław A. Serczyk, Historia Ukrainy, 3rd ed., Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich, Wrocław 2001, ISBN 83-04-04530-3; Leonid Zaszkilniak, The origins of the Polish-Ukrainian conflict in 1918–1919, Lviv
"UPA killed forty to sixty thousand Polish Civilians in Volhynia in 1943." "This apparent change, ..., limited the death toll of Polish civilians to about twenty-five thousand in Galicia." "All told, in the Lublin and Rzeszow regions, Poles and Ukrainians killed about five thousand of the other's civilians in 1943-44." [3] Timothy Snyder — 5 ...
The Polish minority in Ukraine officially numbers about 144,130 (according to the 2001 census), [6] of whom 21,094 (14.6%) speak Polish as their first language. [6] The history of Polish settlement in current territory of Ukraine dates back to 1030–31.
The western areas of Ukraine (including most of the former West Ukrainian People's Republic's claimed territories) that were annexed by the Second Polish Republic similarly saw no fighting in the interwar period until 1939, although some small and brief armed conflicts did occur elsewhere in Poland in this period.
Poland was the first country to recognize the existence of Ukraine. Various controversies from the shared history of the two countries' peoples occasionally resurface in Polish–Ukrainian relations, but they tend not to have a major influence on the bilateral relations of Poland and Ukraine. [1]
In the early People's Republic of Poland, the question of the Polish–Ukrainian conflict was never a subject of independent studies. Ukrainian historian Roman Hrytskiv believes that Polish Communists avoided this subject as it could raise questions regarding the Polish population in Western Ukraine. [3]
The Polish–Ukrainian conflict [a] was a series of armed clashes between the Ukrainian guerrillas and Polish underground armed units during and after World War II, namely between 1939 and 1945, whose direct continuation was the struggle of the Ukrainian underground against the Polish People’s Army until 1947, with periodic participation of the Soviet partisan units and even the regular Red ...