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Isaac Newton was an English mathematician, natural philosopher, theologian, alchemist and one of the most influential scientists in human history.His Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica is considered to be one of the most influential books in the history of science, laying the groundwork for most of classical mechanics by describing universal gravitation and the three laws of motion.
The gravity model of migration is a model in urban geography derived from Newton's law of gravity, and used to predict the degree of migration interaction between two places. [1] In 1941, astrophysicist John Q. Stewart [2] applied Newton's law to the social sciences, establishing a theoretical foundation for the field of social physics. He ...
Before Newton's law of gravity, there were many theories explaining gravity. Philoshophers made observations about things falling down − and developed theories why they do – as early as Aristotle who thought that rocks fall to the ground because seeking the ground was an essential part of their nature. [6]
Gravitation also explains astronomical phenomena on more modest scales, such as planetary orbits, as well as everyday experience: objects fall; heavy objects act as if they were glued to the ground, and animals can only jump so high. Gravitation was the first interaction to be described mathematically.
Demographic gravitation is a concept of "social physics", [1] introduced by Princeton University astrophysicist John Quincy Stewart [2] in 1947. [3] It is an attempt to use equations and notions of classical physics , such as gravity , to seek simplified insights and even laws of demographic behaviour for large numbers of human beings.
The 12th-century scholar Al-Khazini suggested that the gravity an object contains varies depending on its distance from the centre of the universe (referring to the centre of the Earth). Al-Biruni and Al-Khazini studied the theory of the centre of gravity, and generalized and applied it to three-dimensional bodies.
That is, in stronger gravitational fields the size of cells decreases, and in weaker gravitational fields the size of cells increases. Gravity is thus a limiting factor in the growth of individual cells. Cells which were naturally larger than the size that gravity alone would allow for had to develop means to protect against internal sedimentation.
Before the advent of general relativity, Newton's law of universal gravitation had been accepted for more than two hundred years as a valid description of the gravitational force between masses, even though Newton himself did not regard the theory as the final word on the nature of gravity. Within a century of Newton's formulation, careful ...