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The optical properties of a material define how it interacts with light. The optical properties of matter are studied in optical physics (a subfield of optics) and applied in materials science. The optical properties of matter include: Refractive index; Dispersion; Transmittance and Transmission coefficient; Absorption; Scattering; Turbidity
Optical density is a result of the darkness of a developed picture and can be expressed absolutely as the number of dark spots (i.e., silver grains in developed films) in a given area, but usually it is a relative value, expressed in a scale. [citation needed]
Transmission densitometers that measure transparent materials; A transmission densitometer used to measure transparent surfaces measure color transparencies. Film & transparent substrates are some examples of common transparent surface measures. Reflection densitometers that measure light reflected from a surface of any state.
The characterization technique optical microscopy showing the micron scale dendritic microstructure of a bronze alloy. Characterization, when used in materials science, refers to the broad and general process by which a material's structure and properties are probed and measured. It is a fundamental process in the field of materials science ...
Hyperchromicity is the increase of absorbance (optical density) of a material. The most famous example is the hyperchromicity of DNA that occurs when the DNA duplex is denatured. [1] The UV absorption is increased when the two single DNA strands are being separated, either by heat or by addition of denaturant or by increasing the pH level.
Optical transparency in polycrystalline materials is limited by the amount of light scattered by their microstructural features. Light scattering depends on the wavelength of the light. Limits to spatial scales of visibility (using white light) therefore arise, depending on the frequency of the light wave and the physical dimension of the ...
A parametric non-linearity is an interaction in which the quantum state of the nonlinear material is not changed by the interaction with the optical field. As a consequence of this, the process is "instantaneous". Energy and momentum are conserved in the optical field, making phase matching important and polarization-dependent. [15] [16]
'Optical density' is sometimes also used to describe a material's refractive index, for example in Bose-Einstein condensate, Speed of light, , . R6144 08:16, 23 August 2005 (UTC) I have high-school text books (Merrill, Glencoe) that also use optical density and refractive index interchangeably. Ronstew 20:48, 2 July 2008 (UTC)