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The recorded history of Scotland begins with the arrival of the Roman Empire in the 1st century, when the province of Britannia reached as far north as the Antonine Wall. North of this was Caledonia , inhabited by the Picti , whose uprisings forced Rome's legions back to Hadrian's Wall .
Southern border of Scotland established in the Treaty of York. 1263: Scots defeat Norwegians in the Battle of Largs. 1266: Norway cedes the Hebrides and Isle of Man to Scotland in the Treaty of Perth. 1290 Margaret, Maid of Norway dies in Orkney. 1292: Edward I of England intervenes in Scottish affairs and grants the Scottish throne to John ...
Scotland [e] is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It contains nearly one-third of the United Kingdom's land area, consisting of the northern part of the island of Great Britain and more than 790 adjacent islands, principally in the archipelagos of the Hebrides and the Northern Isles.
The Kingdom of the Picts just became known as the Kingdom of Alba in Scottish Gaelic, which later became known in Scots and English as Scotland; the terms are retained in both languages to this day. By the late 11th century at the very latest, Scottish kings were using the term rex Scottorum, or King of
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Enlargeable relief map of Scotland. Geography of Scotland. Scotland is: a country of the United Kingdom.; Scotland was: an independent, sovereign country until 1707 when it formed a union with England
The fact that Hume's "History of Great Britain" was very quickly renamed "History of England" is indicative of a change of focus that happened follow the Treaty of Union (1707) with England. Thereafter, a particularly Scottish historiography languished - whether in a romanticised nostalgia for a lost identity, or in continuing religious polemics.
The Chronicles of Scotland by Robert Lindsay of Pitscottie, vol. 2, Edinburgh (1814) Aeneas Mackay, The historie and cronicles of Scotland: from the slauchter of King James the First to the ane thousande fyve hundreith thrie scoir fyftein zeir, 3 vols, Scottish Text Society, Edinburgh, (1899), digitised at National Library of Scotland.