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The British and French colonial empires reached their peaks after World War I. In the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, funding the war had a severe economic cost. From being the world's largest overseas investor, it became one of its biggest debtors with interest payments forming around 40% of all government spending.
Around 60 countries gained independence from the United Kingdom throughout its history, the most in the world, followed by around 40 countries that gained independence from France throughout its history. [1] Over 50% of the world's borders today were drawn as a result of British and French imperialism. [2] [3] [4]
The remaining territories inhabited by divided peoples fell into the composition of existing or newly formed states. Legally, the collapse of the empire was formalized in the September 1919 Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye with Austria, which also acted as a peace treaty after the First World War, and in the June 1920 Treaty of Trianon with Hungary.
The Ottomans joined the Central Powers shortly after the war started, with Bulgaria joining the following year. Italy remained neutral in 1914 and joined the Allies in 1915. Map of the world with the participants in World War I c. 1917. Allied Powers in blue, Central Powers in orange, and the neutral countries are in grey.
The city passed to Yugoslavia after World War II and is now in Croatia. Couto Misto – Tiny 10th century border territory that was split between Spain and Portugal in 1864–8. Crete – Autonomous under Ottoman suzerainty in 1898, unilaterally declared union with Greece in 1908, which was recognized in 1913.
"WWI Timeline". The Great War. USA: Public Broadcasting System. "WWI Timeline". National Wwi Museum and Memorial. USA: National World War I Museum. "World War One Timeline". UK: BBC. "New Zealand and the First World War (timeline)". New Zealand Government. "Timeline: Australia in the First World War, 1914-1918". Australian War Memorial.
Over 40% of the world’s borders today were drawn as a result of British and French imperialism. The British and French drew the modern borders of the Middle East, the borders of Africa, and in Asia after the independence of the British Raj and French Indochina and the borders of Europe after World War I as victors, as a result of the Paris ...
The Cambridge History of Communism (Volume 1): World Revolution and Socialism in One Country, 1917-1941 (2017) excerpt; Salzmann, Stephanie C. Great Britain, Germany and the Soviet Union: Rapallo and after, 1922-1934 (Royal Historical Society, 2002) full text online; Service, Robert. Comrades: A World History of Communism (2007). Seton-Watson ...