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In humans, the foot is one of the most complex structures in the body. It is made up of over 100 moving parts – bones, muscles, tendons, and ligaments designed to allow the foot to balance the body’s weight on just two legs and support such diverse actions as running, jumping, climbing, and walking.
There are a variety of anatomical structures that make up the anatomy of the foot and ankle (Figure 1) including bones, joints, ligaments, muscles, tendons, and nerves. These will be reviewed in the sections of this chapter. The foot is traditionally divided into three regions: the hindfoot, the midfoot, and the forefoot (Figure 2).
The foot is a complex structure made up of 28 bones, 33 joints, 19 muscles, over 100 tendons and ligaments, and more than 200,000 different nerve endings. These work together to allow you to walk, run, maintain balance, absorb impact, and bear upper body weight.
These bones give structure to the foot and allow for all foot movements like flexing the toes and ankle, walking, and running. The foot can be divided into three regions, the hindfoot, midfoot, and forefoot.
Midfoot: The midfoot is made up of five of the seven tarsal bones: navicular, cuboid, and medial, middle, and lateral cuneiforms. The junction between the hind and midfoot is termed the Chopart's joint, which includes the talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints. Forefoot: The forefoot is the most anterior aspect of the foot.
There are 26 bones in the foot, divided into three groups: Tarsals make up a strong weight bearing platform. They are homologous to the carpals in the wrist and are divided into three groups: proximal, intermediate, and distal. Learn the bones of the foot in half the time with these interactive quizzes and labeling activities!
The foot is a complex anatomic structure composed of numerous bones, joints, ligaments, muscles, and tendons responsible for the complex coordinated movements of gait and our ability to stand upright. By definition, the foot is the lower extremity distal to the ankle joint.
This article looks at the structure of the foot — including bones, muscles, ligaments, and tendons — and some of the common conditions that affect it.
The foot’s shape, along with the body’s natural balance-keeping systems, make humans capable of not only walking, but also running, climbing, and countless other activities.
Comprehensive review of all major ligaments of the foot. The foot is the region of the body distal to the leg that is involved in weight bearing and locomotion. It consists of 28 bones, which can be divided functionally into three groups, referred to as the tarsus, metatarsus and phalanges.