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Harvesting raw cotton is a resource intensive process that uses a lot of water, energy, and chemicals. [7] Cotton recycling mitigates wastage and can be a more sustainable alternative to disposal because products can be made out of existing textiles instead of raw materials, therefore, reducing the resources required to harvest raw cotton. [7]
Mechanical processing is a recycling method in which textile fabric is broken down while the fibers are still preserved. [5] Once shredded down, these fibers can be spun to create new fabrics. [5] This is the most commonly used technique to recycle textiles and is a process that is particularly well developed for cotton textiles. [5]
Recycled wool, also known as rag wool or shoddy is any woollen textile or yarn made by shredding existing fabric and re-spinning the resulting fibres. Textile recycling is an important mechanism for reducing the need for raw wool in manufacturing. Shoddy was invented by Benjamin Law of Batley in 1813.
In cotton, non-cellulosic substances such as waxes, lipids, pectic substances, organic acids contribute to around ten percent of the weight. [13] Cotton, in particular, has fewer impurities than wool. [46] Cotton scouring refers to removing impurities such as natural wax, pectins, and non-fibrous matter with a wetting agent and caustic soda.
Textile fibres or textile fibers (see spelling differences) can be created from many natural sources (animal hair or fur, cocoons as with silk worm cocoons), as well as semisynthetic methods that use naturally occurring polymers, and synthetic methods that use polymer-based materials, and even minerals such as metals to make foils and wires.
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