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Expressed in grams (g) per square metre (g/m 2), regardless of its thickness [1] (known as grammage). This is the measure used in most parts of the world. It is often notated as gsm on paper product labels and spec sheets. Expressed in terms of the mass per number of sheets of a specific paper size (known as basis weight).
Paper density is a paper product's mass per unit volume. The density can be calculated by dividing the grammage of paper (in grams per square metre or "gsm") by its caliper (usually in micrometres , occasionally in mils ).
Fabric "weight" is often specified as mass per unit area, grams per square meter (gsm) or ounces per square yard. It is also sometimes specified in ounces per yard in a standard width for the particular cloth. One gram per square meter equals 0.0295 ounces per square yard; one ounce per square yard equals 33.9 grams per square meter.
The mass per area of the paper is measured as GSM (grams per square meter). (Mass is usually measured as weight at a location with sea-level gravity.) Paper sheets are cut to a size of 10 cm × 10 cm, then the sheets are weighed individually.
This system also simplifies calculating the weight of paper. Under ISO 536, paper's grammage is defined as a sheet's mass in grams (g) per area in square metres (unit symbol g/m 2; the nonstandard abbreviation "gsm" is also used). [5] One can derive the grammage of other sizes by arithmetic division.
In Europe and other regions using the ISO 216 paper-sizing system, the weight is expressed in grams per square metre (g/m 2 or usually gsm) of the paper. Printing paper is generally between 60 gsm and 120 gsm. Anything heavier than 160 gsm is considered card.
The corrugated medium is often 0.026 pounds per square foot (130 grams per square metre) basis weight in the US; in the UK, a 90 grams per square metre (0.018 lb/sq ft) fluting paper is common. At the single-facer, it is heated, moistened, and formed into a fluted pattern on geared wheels.
Most nations describe paper in terms of grammage—the weight in grams of one sheet of the paper measuring one square meter.. Other people, especially in the United States, describe paper in terms of pound weight—the weight in pounds per ream (500 sheets) of the paper with a given area (based on historical production sizes before trimming): for card stock, this is 20 by 26 in (508 by 660 mm ...