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The mesosphere of Venus extends from 65 km to 120 km in height, and the thermosphere begins at approximately 120 km, eventually reaching the upper limit of the atmosphere (exosphere) at about 220 to 350 km. [28] The exosphere begins when the atmosphere becomes so thin that the average number of collisions per air molecule is less than one.
The current Venusian atmosphere has only ~200 mg/kg H 2 O(g) in its atmosphere and the pressure and temperature regime makes water unstable on its surface. Nevertheless, assuming that early Venus's H 2 O had a ratio between deuterium (heavy hydrogen, 2H) and hydrogen (1H) similar to Earth's Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water of 1.6×10 −4, [7] the current D/H ratio in the Venusian atmosphere ...
This heat is transferred to the gas in contact with the surface, both greenhouse, and non-greenhouse. Then the atmosphere is warmed by convection. This allows heat to be retained through the night, etc. Why Venus is so hot is one of the outstanding mysteries of science, so I obviously can't give you a fully satisfactory answer.
For example, Venus has an effective temperature of approximately 226 K (−47 °C; −53 °F), but a surface temperature of 740 K (467 °C; 872 °F). [ 13 ] [ 14 ] Similarly, Earth has an effective temperature of 255 K (−18 °C; −1 °F), [ 14 ] but a surface temperature of about 288 K (15 °C; 59 °F) [ 15 ] due to the greenhouse effect in ...
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Compared to Mercury, the Moon and other such bodies, Venus has very few craters. In part, this is because Venus's dense atmosphere burns up smaller meteorites before they hit the surface. The Venera and Magellan data agree: there are very few impact craters with a diameter less than 30 kilometres (19 mi), and data from Magellan show an absence ...
Venus to scale among the Inner Solar System planetary-mass objects, arranged by the order of their orbits outward from the Sun (from left: Mercury, Venus, Earth, the Moon, Mars and Ceres) Venus is one of the four terrestrial planets in the Solar System, meaning that it is a rocky body like Earth.
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