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Since 1975, Australian law provides only for void marriages. Before 1975, there were both void and voidable marriages. Today, under the Family Law Act 1975 (Cth.) a decree of nullity can only be made if a marriage is void. [22] A marriage is void if: [23] [24] [25] one or both of the parties were already married at the time (i.e. bigamy)
Termination of marriage in Canada is covered by the federal Divorce Act. [29] A divorce may be granted for one of the following reasons: the marriage has irretrievably broken down, and the two parties have been living apart for a year (s.8(2)(a) of the Act) one party has committed adultery (s.8(2)(b)(i) of the Act)
A "Declaration of Nullity" is not the dissolution of an existing marriage (as is a dispensation from a marriage ratum sed non consummatum and an "annulment" in civil law), but rather a determination that consent was never validly exchanged due to a failure to meet the requirements to enter validly into matrimony and thus a marriage never existed.
In Canada, family law is primarily statute-based. The federal government has exclusive jurisdiction over marriage and divorce under section 91(26) of the Constitution Act, 1867. The main piece of federal legislation governing the issues arising upon married spouses’ separation and the requirements for divorce is the Divorce Act.
In Quebec, the Civil Code of Lower Canada declared that "Marriage can only be dissolved by the natural death of one of the parties; while both live it is indissoluble." [11] [12] In Ontario, there was no pre-Confederation divorce law, although several efforts had been made prior to Confederation to bring it about. [13]
Under the 1983 Code of Canon Law, the discipline of 1917 has been changed; a marriage ratum sed non consummatum can now be dissolved only by a dispensation from the pope or his delegate. [11] The pope has delegated competency for granting such dispensations to the Tribunal of the Roman Rota , one of the ordinary tribunals of the Apostolic See.
A voidable marriage (also called an avoidable marriage) is a marriage that can be canceled at the option of one of the parties through annulment 00. The marriage is valid but is subject to cancellation if contested in court by one of the parties to the marriage.
Federal criminal code law against polygamy prohibits family court recognition or sanctioning of any form of subsequent marriage(s) whilst one or both persons are married to another person. [ 7 ] Nevertheless, it is important to note that section 29 applies only to the provisions of Part III of the law, which deals with spousal support, child ...