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Sorbitol (/ ˈsɔː (r) bɪtɒl /), less commonly known as glucitol (/ ˈɡluːsɪtɒl /), is a sugar alcohol with a sweet taste which the human body metabolizes slowly. It can be obtained by reduction of glucose, which changes the converted aldehyde group (−CHO) to a primary alcohol group (−CH 2 OH). Most sorbitol is made from potato ...
The polyol pathway is a two-step process that converts glucose to fructose. [1] In this pathway glucose is reduced to sorbitol, which is subsequently oxidized to fructose. It is also called the sorbitol-aldose reductase pathway. The pathway is implicated in diabetic complications, especially in microvascular damage to the retina, [2] kidney, [3 ...
The reaction steps are: hydrogenation of D - glucose to D - sorbitol, an organic reaction with nickel as a catalyst under high temperature and high pressure. Microbial oxidation or fermentation of sorbitol to L - sorbose with acetobacter [2] at pH 4-6 and 30 °C. The final step is a ring-closing step or gamma lactonization with removal of water ...
Sugar alcohols can be, and often are, produced from renewable resources.Particular feedstocks are starch, cellulose and hemicellulose; the main conversion technologies use H 2 as the reagent: hydrogenolysis, i.e. the cleavage of C−O single bonds, converting polymers to smaller molecules, and hydrogenation of C=O double bonds, converting sugars to sugar alcohols.
Remineralization is a natural process and does not have to involve fluoride. Tooth remineralization is the natural repair process for non-cavitated tooth lesions, [1][2] in which calcium, phosphate and sometimes fluoride ions are deposited into crystal voids in demineralised enamel. Remineralization can contribute towards restoring strength and ...
Sorbitol dehydrogenase (or SDH) is a cytosolic enzyme. In humans this protein is encoded by the SORD gene. [1] Sorbitol dehydrogenase is an enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism converting sorbitol, the sugar alcohol form of glucose, into fructose. [2] Together with aldose reductase, it provides a way for the body to produce fructose from glucose ...
Individuals affected with HFI are asymptomatic until they ingest fructose, sucrose, or sorbitol. If fructose is ingested, the enzymatic block at aldolase B causes an accumulation of fructose-1-phosphate which, over time, results in the death of liver cells. [1]
Carbon catabolite repression, or simply catabolite repression, is an important part of global control system of various bacteria and other microorganisms. Catabolite repression allows microorganisms to adapt quickly to a preferred (rapidly metabolizable) carbon and energy source first. This is usually achieved through inhibition of synthesis of ...