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Anal fistula. Anal fistula is a chronic abnormal communication between the anal canal and the perianal skin. [1] An anal fistula can be described as a narrow tunnel with its internal opening in the anal canal and its external opening in the skin near the anus. [2] Anal fistulae commonly occur in people with a history of anal abscesses.
Anal gland. The anal glands or anal sacs are small glands near the anus in many mammals. [1] They are situated in between the external anal sphincter muscle and internal anal sphincter muscle. [2] In non-human mammals, the secretions of the anal glands contain mostly volatile organic compounds with a strong odor, and they are thus functionally ...
A fecal impaction or an impacted bowel is a solid, immobile bulk of feces that can develop in the rectum as a result of chronic constipation [1] (a related term is fecal loading which refers to a large volume of stool in the rectum of any consistency). [2] Fecal impaction is a common result of neurogenic bowel dysfunction and causes immense ...
Hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoids are normal vascular cushions found in the anal canal. 15% of a human's continence mechanism is attributed to the hemorrhoidal plexus. When a person coughs, for instance, the hemorrhoids will engorge with blood and increase one's ability to hold gas and stool. They are termed internal and external based on their ...
There are many surgical options described for FI, and they can be considered in 4 general groups. [1] Implantation/injection of microballoons, carbon-coated beads, autologous fat, silicone, collagen. The relative effectiveness of surgical options for treating fecal incontinence is not known. [2] A combination of different surgical and non ...
A rectal prolapse occurs when walls of the rectum have prolapsed to such a degree that they protrude out of the anus and are visible outside the body. [2] However, most researchers agree that there are 3 to 5 different types of rectal prolapse, depending on whether the prolapsed section is visible externally, and whether the full or only partial thickness of the rectal wall is involved.
Hemorrhoids (or haemorrhoids), also known as piles, are vascular structures in the anal canal. [7][8] In their normal state, they are cushions that help with stool control. [2] They become a disease when swollen or inflamed; the unqualified term hemorrhoid is often used to refer to the disease. [8] The signs and symptoms of hemorrhoids depend ...
Anorectal disorders include conditions involving the anorectal junction [1] as seen in the image. They are painful but common conditions like hemorrhoids, tears, fistulas, or abscesses that affect the anal region. [2][3] Most people experience some form of anorectal disorder during their lifetime. [4] Primary care physicians can treat most of ...