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The Northwest Ordinance (formally An Ordinance for the Government of the Territory of the United States, North-West of the River Ohio and also known as the Ordinance of 1787), enacted July 13, 1787, was an organic act of the Congress of the Confederation of the United States.
Map of territorial growth, 1775 Northwest territory Monument referencing the beginning point of the PLSS. Originally proposed by Thomas Jefferson to create a nation of "yeoman farmers", [1] the PLSS began shortly after the American Revolutionary War, when the federal government became responsible for large areas of land west of the original thirteen states.
The Eighth Congress of the United States on March 26, 1804, passed legislation entitled "An act erecting Louisiana into two territories, and providing for the temporary government thereof," [2] which established the Territory of Orleans and the District of Louisiana as organized incorporated U.S. territories.
Northwest Territory of the United States, 1787 This 1856 map shows slave states (gray), free states (pink), U.S. territories (green), and Kansas in center (white).. In United States law, an organic act is an act of the United States Congress that establishes a territory of the United States and specifies how it is to be governed, [1] or an agency to manage certain federal lands.
The ordinance was passed on May 20, 1785. The sections were to be numbered starting at 1 in the southeast and running south to north in each tier to 36 in the northwest. The surveys were to be performed under the direction of the Geographer of the United States (Thomas Hutchins). [8]
Louisiana was admitted as the 18th state of the United States on April 30, 1812. The final major battle in the War of 1812, the Battle of New Orleans, was fought in Louisiana and resulted in a U.S. victory. Antebellum Louisiana was a leading slave state, where by 1860, 47% of the population was enslaved
The southeastern portion of Northwest Territory was admitted to the US as the 17th state, Ohio. The remainder of Northwest Territory was transferred to Indiana Territory. [19] April 30, 1803. The Louisiana Purchase was made, expanding the United States west of the Mississippi River.
1805 Cary map of the Great Lakes and Western Territory (Kentucky, Virginia, Ohio, etc.) Integration of the Northwest Territory into a political unit, and settlement, depended on three factors: relinquishment by the British, extinguishment of states' claims west of the Appalachians, and usurpation or purchase of lands from the Native Americans.