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Poolish is a fairly wet sponge (typically one-to-one, this is made with a one-part-flour-to-one-part-water ratio by weight), and it is called biga liquida, whereas the "normal" biga is usually drier. [3] Bigas can be held longer at their peak than wetter sponges, [4] while a poolish is one known technique to increase a dough's extensibility. [5]
Just like sourdough, the longer the ferment, the greater the taste difference. Sponge doughs were used before bread improvers were invented. Texture is partly a byproduct of the chemistry going on in the fermentation, which does several important things such as activate the different enzymes ( protease and amylase ) needed to leaven bread.
A bowl of biga. Biga is a type of pre-fermentation used in Italian baking.Many popular Italian breads, including ciabatta, are made using a biga. [1] Using a biga adds complexity to the bread's flavor [2] [3] and is often used in breads that need a light, open texture with holes.
Sourdough or sourdough bread is a bread made by allowing the dough to ferment using naturally occurring lactobacillaceae and yeast before baking. The fermentation process produces lactic acid , which gives the bread a sour taste and improves its keeping-qualities.
After 1920, when mixing machines became popular among bakers, [36] rural bakers began to make more sponge doughs and city bakers more straight doughs, both replacing sourdough. By the 1930s, straight dough had mostly replaced sponge dough, and the terms "French" and "Vienna" breads were used less often.
Bread may be leavened by naturally occurring microbes (e.g. sourdough), chemicals (e.g. baking soda), industrially produced yeast, or high-pressure aeration, which creates the gas bubbles that fluff up bread. In many countries, commercial bread often contains additives to improve flavor, texture, color, shelf life, nutrition, and ease of ...
An English muffin is a small, round and flat yeast-leavened (sometimes sourdough) bread which is commonly 4 in (10 cm) round and 1.5 in (4 cm) tall.It is generally split horizontally and served toasted. [2]
Pain de campagne – French for "country bread", and also called "French sourdough", [5] it is typically a large round loaf (miche) made from either natural leavening or baker's yeast. Most traditional versions of this bread are made with a combination of white flour with whole wheat flour and/or rye flour, water, leavening and salt.