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A dashpot, also known as a damper [citation needed], is a mechanical device that resists motion via viscous friction. [1] The resulting force is proportional to the velocity , but acts in the opposite direction, [ 2 ] slowing the motion and absorbing energy.
The standard linear solid (SLS), also known as the Zener model after Clarence Zener, [1] is a method of modeling the behavior of a viscoelastic material using a linear combination of springs and dashpots to represent elastic and viscous components, respectively.
The standard linear solid model, also known as the Zener model, consists of two springs and a dashpot. It is the simplest model that describes both the creep and stress relaxation behaviors of a viscoelastic material properly. For this model, the governing constitutive relations are:
Classic model used for deriving the equations of a mass spring damper model. The mass-spring-damper model consists of discrete mass nodes distributed throughout an object and interconnected via a network of springs and dampers. This model is well-suited for modelling object with complex material properties such as nonlinearity and viscoelasticity.
In 1929, Norton [10] developed a one-dimensional dashpot model which linked the rate of secondary creep to the stress. In 1934, Odqvist [ 11 ] generalized Norton's law to the multi-axial case. Concepts such as the normality of plastic flow to the yield surface and flow rules for plasticity were introduced by Prandtl (1924) [ 12 ] [ full ...
A Kelvin–Voigt material, also called a Voigt material, is the most simple model viscoelastic material showing typical rubbery properties. It is purely elastic on long timescales (slow deformation), but shows additional resistance to fast deformation.
Schematic diagram of Burgers material, Kelvin representation. Given that the Kelvin material has an elasticity and viscosity , the spring has an elasticity and the dashpot has a viscosity , the Burgers model has the constitutive equation
The generalized Maxwell model also known as the Maxwell–Wiechert model (after James Clerk Maxwell and E Wiechert [1] [2]) is the most general form of the linear model for viscoelasticity. In this model, several Maxwell elements are assembled in parallel.