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  2. Pashto phonology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashto_phonology

    Pashto syllable structure can be summarized as follows; parentheses enclose optional components: (C 1 C 2 (C 3)) (S 1) V (S 2) (C 4 (C 5)); Pashto syllable structure consists of an optional syllable onset, consisting of one or two consonants; an obligatory syllable nucleus, consisting of a vowel optionally preceded by and/or followed by a semivowel; and an optional syllable coda, consisting of ...

  3. Pashto music - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashto_music

    Tappa (Pashto: ټپه) is the oldest and most popular genre of the Pashto poetry. The Tappa is a composition of two unequal meters, in which the first line is shorter than the succeeding one, yet it reflects all human feelings and aspirations elegantly. Be it laborers, peasants, or women, all sentiments find expression in the Tappa.

  4. Pashto alphabet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashto_alphabet

    The sound system of the southern dialect of modern Pashto preserves the distinction between all the consonant phonemes of his orthography. Pir Roshan also introduced the letter ږ (rē with dot below and dot above) to represent /ʒ/ , like the s in pleasure , for which modern Pashto uses ژ instead.

  5. Pashto - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashto

    Written Pashto literature saw a rise in development in the 17th century mostly due to poets like Khushal Khan Khattak (1613–1689), who, along with Rahman Baba (1650–1715), is widely regarded as among the greatest Pashto poets.

  6. Music of Afghanistan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_of_Afghanistan

    The rubab is a common lute-like instrument in Afghanistan, and is a forerunner of the Indian sarod. [2] The rubab is sometimes considered the national instrument of Afghanistan, and is called the "lion of instruments"; [10] one reviewer claims it sounds like "a Middle Eastern predecessor to the blues that popped up in the Piedmont 100 years ago ...

  7. Languages of Afghanistan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Afghanistan

    Pashto is the native tongue of the Pashtuns, the dominant ethnic group in Afghanistan. [14] Due to Afghanistan's multi-ethnic character , multilingualism is a common phenomenon. The exact figures about the size and composition of the various ethnolinguistic groups are unavailable since no systematic census has been held in Afghanistan in ...

  8. Eastern Iranian languages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Iranian_languages

    A more localized sound change is the backing of the former retroflex fricative ṣ̌ [ʂ], to x̌ [x] or to x [χ], found in the Shughni–Yazgulyam branch and certain dialects of Pashto. E.g. "meat": ɡu ṣ̌ t in Wakhi and γwa ṣ̌ a in Southern Pashto, but changes to gu x t in Shughni, γwa x̌ a in Central and Northern Pashto.

  9. Music of Pakistan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_of_Pakistan

    Laila Khan, a celebrated Pashto singer, who has also sung in Urdu, Arabic, and French. Pashto music is predominantly found in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and in major urban centers of Pakistan, including Peshawar, Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Lahore, and Karachi. There is a long oral tradition of Pashto folk music, which includes genres such as ...